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Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2016 


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RULES 


OF  THE 

SCHOOL  COMMITiTEE 

PUBLIC  AND  VOCATIONAL 
SCHOOLS 


MAY,  1921 


LlBRAil/ 

OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ILUNO'S 


SIS. ^4^ 

4-'  7'  -- 

INDEX 

: RULES  OF  SCHOOL  COMMITTEE 

Chapter 

Section 

Page 

^ Absence  of  pupils  

IX, 

20 

36 

Excuse  for 

VIII, 

4 

29 

Record  of 

IX, 

21 

37 

Absence  of  teachers : 

Leave  of  

V, 

6 

18,19 

Notice  of 

VIII, 

6 

29 

Absence  on  account  of  illness, 

V, 

7 

19,20 

etc 

X, 

8 

40 

Admission  of  pupils: 

^ Age  of  

IX, 

1, 

3,  4. 

30,  31 

In  general  

VII, 

6 

28 

^ To  first  grade 

IX, 

2, 

3. . . 

30,31 

- To  high  school 

IX, 

11, 

12.  . 

33 

To  kindergarten 

IX, 

1 

30 

' Advertising,  Rule  against 

VIII, 

2 

28 

^ Age  of  admission  of  pupils 

IX, 

1, 

3,  4. 

30,31 

Agents,  exclusion  of 

VIII, 

2 

28 

A Amendment  of  Rules 

II, 

11 

6 

^ Annual  Report: 

Of  chairman  

I, 

2 

3 

Of  superintendent  

III, 

14 

9 

Annual  returns  to  State 

^ Appeals  

III, 

XII, 

14 

9 

40,41 

4 Appointments: 

Attendance  officers  

II, 

3 

4,5 

^ Teachers 

II, 

3 

4,5 

J 

V, 

2 

12,13 

\ Attendance  officers: 

Appointment  of 

' Direction  of 

II, 

3 

4,5 

XI, 

1 

40 

Duties  of  

XI, 

2-4  ... 

40 

X Assistant  superintendent: 

^ Duties  of  

IV. 

1 

10.11 

Assistant  to  the  superintendent: 

^ Duties  of  

IV, 

3 

11 

ft  Election  of 

IV, 

2 

11 

V Term  of  office 

IV, 

2 

11 

^ Attendance  of  pupils : 

J Regularity  of 

IX, 

19 

36 

Reports  of  

VI, 

13 

24 

Bills,  approval  of  

I, 

2 

3 

^^^oard  of  Trustees  for  Voca- 

III, 

13 

9 

tional  Education  

XIII, 

1 

41,  42 

1 0332 1 0 


INDEX — Continued 


Chapter 

Section 

Page 

Books: 

Care  of  

IX, 

22 

37 

Penalty  for  injury 

IX, 

22 

37 

Books  and  supplies: 

Accounts  of  

VI, 

3 

21,22 

Authorization  by  Committee 

VIII, 

1 

28 

Purchase  of 

III, 

12 

9 

Requisitions  for 

III, 

13 

9 

VI, 

3 

21,  22 

Buildings  and  grounds: 

Care  of 

VI, 

1 

20 

Certificates,  employment,  issue  of 

III, 

8 

8 

Certificates  of  admission  to  high 

school  

IX, 

12 

33 

Chairman  of  School  Committee: 

Annual  report  of 

I, 

2 

3 

Duties  of 

I, 

2 

3 

Election  of 

I, 

1 

3 

Charge  for  use  of  school  build- 

ings  

XIV, 

10-14  .. 

46,  47 

Classification  of  pupils 

IX, 

5 

31 

Classification  of  teachers 

V, 

3 

14, 15 

Cleanliness  of  pupils  

VI, 

17/ 

25 

IX, 

18 

35,  36 

Contributions,  Rule  against 

VIII, 

2 

28 

Corporal  punishment: 

Infliction  of 

VI, 

16 

25 

Record  of 

VI, 

16 

25 

Detention  of  pupils 

VII, 

3 

27 

Record  of 

VIII, 

8 

29 

Devotional  exercises 

VII, 

5 

27 

Diplomas: 

Granting  of  

IX, 

10 

32 

Signing  of 

IX, 

13 

33,  34 

Director  of  Vocational  School: 

Duties  of  

XIII, 

3 

42 

Discipline  

VI, 

1,  16... 

21,25 

Dismissal  of  pupils 

IX, 

19 

36 

Excuse  for  

VIII, 

4 

29 

Dismissal  of  school  in  emer- 

gency  

VIII, 

5 

29 

Dismissal  of  teachers 

V, 

2a  . . . 

13, 14 

Election  of  superintendent 

III, 

1 

6 

Election  of  teachers,  notice  of. . 

I, 

4 

4 

Employment  certificates,  issue  of 

III, 

8 

8 

Engineers  (See  Janitors) 

Examination  of  pupils 

VII, 

6 

28 

IX, 

14 

34 

ii 


INDEX— Concluded 

Chapter 

Section 

Pag-e 

Exit  drills: 

Frequency  of 

Ill, 

10 

8 

Report  of 

VI, 

12 

24 

Exit  signal 

VI, 

9-11  .. 

23,24 

Exit  signal  system,  testing  of. . 

VI, 

7,  8 ... 

23 

Firemen  (See  Janitors) 

Gifts  to  teachers 

VIII, 

2 

28 

Grades,  admission  to 

IX, 

2-4  ... 

30,  31 

Holidays,  school 

VII, 

2 

26 

Inspection  of  buildings 

III, 

11 

8 

Janitors: 

Absence  on  account  of  ill- 

ness,  etc 

X, 

8 

40 

Compensation  for  extra 

service  

XIV, 

10-14-.  . 

46,  47 

Direction  of 

X, 

1 

38 

Duties  of 

X, 

2-7  ... 

38,39 

Hours  of 

X, 

6 

39 

Salaries  of 

X, 

8 

39 

Kindergarten,  admission  to 

IX, 

1 

30 

Leave  of  absence  of  teachers... 

V, 

6 

18, 19 

Marking  system 

IX, 

6 

31 

Meetings  of  School  Committee: 

Action,  reconsideration  of. . 

II, 

6 

5 

Conduct  of 

II, 

10 

5 

Executive  session 

II, 

4 

5 

Motions — 

Without  debate 

II, 

7 

5 

Written  

II, 

8 

5 

Notice  of 

I, 

4 

4 

Place  of '. 

II, 

1 

4 

Quorum 

II, 

1 

4 

Records  of  proceedings 

I, 

3 

3 

Regular 

II, 

1 

4 

Special 

II, 

2 

4 

Time  of 

II, 

1 

4 

Voting,  method  of 

II, 

5 

5 

Motions: 

Without  debate 

II, 

7 

5 

Written  

II, 

8 

5 

Notice  of  meetings  of  School 

Committee  

I, 

4 

4 

Opening  of  school,  hour  of 

VII, 

3,  4... 

26,  27 

Organization  of  School  Com- 


mittee  

Oversight  of  pupils  to 

and  from 

I, 

1 .... 

3 

school  

IX, 

23  .... 

. 37, 38 

Pay  rolls,  preparation 

of 

III, 

13  .... 

9 

iii 


INDEX — Continued 


Chapter  Section 

Page 

Permits  for  use  of  school  build- 

ings  

XIV,  1-5,7  . 

44,  45 

Principals,  duties  of 

VI,  1-13  . . 

20-24 

Professional  improvement  of 

teachers: 

Regular  schools 

V,  4 

17 

Vocational  School 

XIII,  4d,  e.. 

43,  44 

Promotion  of  pupils 

IX,  7-9  ... 

31,  32 

Pupils : 

Absence  of 

VIII,  4 

29 

IX,  20,  21  . . 

36,  37 

Admission  of 

VII,  6 

28 

IX,  1-4, 11, 12 

30,  31,  33 

Age  of  admission 

IX,  1,  3,  4 . 

30,  31 

Calls  upon  at  school 

IX,  24  

38 

Classification  of 

IX,  5 

31 

Cleanliness  of 

VI,  17  

25 

IX,  18  

35,36 

Detention  of 

VII,  3 

27 

VIII,  8 

29 

Dismissal  of 

VIII,  4 

29 

IX,  19  

36 

Examination  of 

VII,  6 

28 

IX,  14  

34 

Membership  in  secret  socie- 

ties prohibited 

IX,  25  

38 

Number  in  class 

VII,  6 

28 

Oversight  of  to  and  from 

school  

IX,  23  

37,  38 

Promotion  of 

IX,  7-9  ... 

31,32 

Regularity  of  attendance. . . . 

IX,  19,  20  . . 

36 

Standing  in  subjects 

IX,  6 

31 

Suspension  of  

VI,  6 

22,23 

IX,  20  

36 

Tardiness  of 

VIII,  4 

29 

IX,  19  

36 

Transfer  of 

IX,  17  

35 

Tuition  of 

IX,  15  

34,35 

Vaccination  of 

IX,  16  

35 

Purchase  of  books  and  supplies. 

Ill,  12  

9 

Qualifications  of  teachers 

V,  1 

11,12 

Quorum,  School  Committee 

II,  1 

4 

Recess  in  graded  schools 

VII,  3b  .... 

27 

Records  of  School  Committee... 

I,  3 

3 

Registers,  school: 

Examination  of  

VI,  4 

22 

Keeping  of  

VI,  19  

25,  26 

Report,  Annual 

I,  2 

3 

Ill,  14  

9 

IV 


INDEX — Continued 


Chapter 

Section 

Page 

Requisitions  

III, 

13 

9 

VI, 

3 

21,  22 

Resignation  of  teachers 

. V, 

8 

20 

Rules  of  School  Committee: 

Amendment  of 

. II, 

11 

6 

Enforcement  of 

VI, 

1 

20,  21 

Suspension  of 

II, 

9 

5 

Rules  of  Board  of  Health:* 

Observance  of 

IX, 

16  .... 

35 

Salaries: 

Janitors,  engineers,  and  fire- 
men   

X, 

8 

39 

Payment  of  teachers’ 

V, 

5 

17,18 

Salary  schedule 

V, 

4 

15,17 

Schedule  of  salaries 

V, 

4 

15,17 

School  buildings,  repairs  to: 

Report  of 

VI, 

1 

20 

School  buildings,  use  for  other 


than  school  purposes: 


Charge  for 

XIV, 

10-14  .. 

46,  47 

Permits  for 

XIV, 

1-5,  7.. 

44,  45 

Police  protection 

XIV, 

8 

45,46 

Responsibility  for  good  or- 

der  

XIV, 

6 

45 

Smoking  forbidden  

XIV, 

9 

46 

School  Committee: 

Annual  report  of 

I, 

2 

3 

Chairman  of 

I, 

1 

3 

Expenditures,  report  of 

III, 

13 

9 

Meetings  of 

II, 

1,  2,  4.  . 

4,5 

Organization  of 

I, 

1 

3 

Record  of  proceedings 

I, 

3 

3 

Rules,  suspension  of 

II, 

9 

5 

School  rooms,  time  of  opening. . 

VII, 

4 

27 

School  sessions: 

Grade  schools 

VII, 

3b  .... 

26,27 

High  schools 

VII, 

3a 

26 

Kindergartens 

VII, 

3c  .... 

27 

Suspension  of  

III, 

9 

8 

School  year: 

Beginning  of 

VII, 

1 

26 

Length  of 

VII, 

1 

26 

Secret  societies: 

Membership  in  prohibited.  . 

IX, 

25 

38 

Secretary  of  School  Committee: 

Duties  of 

I, 

3,  4 .. 

3,4 

Election  of 

I, 

1 

3 

Records  of 

I, 

3 

3 

* See  pp.  51-68. 

V 


INDEX — Continued 


Chapter 

Section 

Page 

Signal: 

Exit  

VI, 

9-11  .. 

23,24 

Storm 

III, 

9 

8 

Special  promotion  of  pupils 

IX, 

9 

32 

Subjects: 

Method  of  marking 

IX, 

6 

31 

Time  devoted  to 

VII, 

7 .. .. 

. 0pp.  28 

Subscriptions,  Rule  against.... 

VIII, 

2 

28 

Substitute  teachers  

III, 

6 

7 

VIII, 

6 

29 

Superintendent  of  schools: 

Annual  report  of 

III, 

14 

9 

Duties  of 

III, 

2-18  . . . 

6-10 

XIII, 

2 .... 

42 

Election  of 

III, 

1 

6 

Office  hours 

III, 

15 

10 

Place  of  business 

III, 

15 

10 

Term  of  office 

III, 

1 

6 

Supplies,  purchase  of 

III, 

12 

9 

Suspension  of  pupils: 

Notice  of 

VI, 

6 

23 

IX, 

20 

36 

Reasons  for 

VI, 

6 

22 

! 

IX, 

19,  20  . 

36 

Suspension  of  Rules 

II, 

9 

5 

Suspension  of  school 

III, 

9 

8 

Suspension  of  teachers 

V, 

2 

13, 14 

Tardiness  of  pupils 

IX, 

19 

36 

Excuse  for 

VIII, 

4 

29 

Teachers : 

Absence — 

Notification  regarding.. 

VIII, 

6 

29 

On  account  of  illness, 

etc 

V, 

7 

19,  20 

Appointment  of 

II, 

3 

4,5 

V, 

2 

12,13 

Classification  of 

V, 

3 

14,15 

Dismissal  of 

V, 

2 

12,13 

Duties  of 

VI, 

14-20  . 

24-26 

IX, 

23 

37,  38 

Gifts  to 

VIII, 

2 

28 

Interruption  by  visitors .... 

VIII, 

3 

29 

Leave  of  absence  of 

V, 

6 

18,19 

Notice  of  election 

I, 

4 

4 

Qualifications  of 

V, 

1 

11,12 

Resignation  of 

V, 

8 

20 

Salaries — 

Payment  of 

V, 

5 

17,18 

Schedule  of 

V, 

4 .... 

. 15-17 

vi 


INDEX — Continued 


Chapter 

Section 

Pag-e 

Teachers  (continued) : 

Substitute 

Ill, 

6 

7 

VIII, 

6 

29 

Suspension  of 

V, 

2 

13, 14 

Tenure  of 

V, 

2 

13, 14 

Transfer  of 

II, 

3 

5 

Visiting  days 

VIII, 

7 

29 

Vocational  School 

XIII, 

4a-f  . . 

42-44 

Tenure  of  office  of  teachers.... 

V, 

2 

13,14 

Time  allotment  for  subjects .... 

VII, 

7 

0pp.  28 

Transfer  of  pupils  to  other 

schools  

IX, 

17  

35 

Transfer  of  teachers 

II, 

3 

5 

Truancy,  investigation  of 

VI, 

2 

21 

Tuition: 

Rate  of  

IX, 

15  

34,35 

Terms  of  payment 

IX, 

15  

35 

Use  of  school  buildings  (See 

School  buildings) 

Vacations  

VII, 

1,2  ... 

26 

Vaccination  

IX, 

16  

35 

Visiting  days,  teachers' 

VIII, 

7 

29 

Vocational  School: 

Director  of 

XIII, 

3 

42 

Organization  of 

XIII, 

1 

41 

Rules  governing 

XIII, 

1 

41,42 

Supervision  of 

XIII, 

1,2  ... 

*41,42 

Teachers: 

Assistants  

XIII, 

4c  .... 

43 

Dismissal  of 

XIII, 

4a,  b. . 

42,  43 

Duties  of 

XIII, 

4d-f  .. 

43,44 

Election  of 

XIII, 

4a 

42 

Professional  improve- 

ment  

XIII, 

4d,  e.. 

43,44 

Special  and  part-time. . . 

XIII, 

4c  .... 

43 

Tenure  of 

XIII, 

4a  .... 

42 

INDEX 


SCHOOL  INSPECTION 


Chapter 

Section 

Page 

Anesthetic,  use  of 

II, 

2 

59 

III, 

5 

62 

Anterior  poliomyelitis 

I, 

5,  7,14 

52,53,56 

IV, 

2,3  ... 

64,  66 

Chicken  pox 

I, 

5 

52,  53 

Symptoms  of 

IV, 

2 

66 

Chorea  

Dentists: 

I, 

10  

54,  55 

Duties  of 

II, 

1-3  ... 

58,59 

Records  of 

II, 

3 

59 

Reports  of 

Responsibility  to  Board  of 

II, 

3 

59 

Health  

51 

Diphtheria  

I, 

5,  7,14 

52,53,56 

IV, 

3 

66 

Symptoms  of 

Diseases: 

IV, 

2 

65 

Exclusion  for 

I, 

4,  5,  7, 10 

52-55 

Non-communicable  

I, 

9 

54 

V, 

6 

68 

Referred  to  nurse 

I, 

6 

53 

Examination  of  pupils,  physical. 
Exclusion  of  pupils  from  school: 
F^or  failure  to  file  certifi- 
cate of  unfitness  for  vac- 

I, 

11,12,14 

55,  56 

cination  

I, 

15  

57 

Notification  of 

On  account  of  illness  in 

I, 

13  

55 

family  

On  account  of  personal  ill- 

I, 

5,7  ... 

52-54 

ness  

I, 

5,10,14 

52-56 

Impetigo  contagiosa 

I, 

6 

53 

III, 

3 

61 

Infantile  paralysis 

I, 

5,  7,14 

52,53,56 

Inspection,  Medical  (See  Medi- 
cal Inspection) 

IV, 

2,3  ... 

64,66 

Measles  

I, 

5,  7,14 

52,  53,  56 

IV, 

3 

66 

German  

I, 

5 

52,53 

Symptoms  of 

Medical  inspection: 

By  physicians — 

IV, 

2 

65 

Hours  for 

I, 

1 

51,  52 

Regular  

I, 

2 

52 

Special  

viii 

I, 

3,8  ... 

52,  54 

INDEX— Continued 


Chapter 

Section 

Page 

Responsibility  for 

51 

Mental  defectives 

I, 

10  !.*!!*. 

55 

Mumps  

I, 

5,  7,14 

52,53,56 

IV, 

3 

66 

Symptoms  of 

IV, 

2 

65 

Nurses: 

Diseases  to  be  referred  to. . 

I, 

6 

53 

Duties  of  

III, 

1-9  ... 

60-63 

V, 

1,3-6  . 

67,  68 

Frequency  of  visits  to 

school  

III, 

1 

60 

Records  of 

III, 

9 

63 

Responsibility  to  Board  of 

Health  

51 

Routine  of  work 

III, 

1 

60 

Paralysis,  infantile  

I, 

5,  7,14 

52,  53,56 

IV, 

2,3  ... 

64,  66 

Pediculosis  

I, 

6 

53 

III, 

3 

61 

Permits  from  Board  of  Health.. 

I, 

7,14  .. 

54,56 

IV, 

3 

66 

Physical  defects,  treatment  of. . 

I, 

9 

54 

Physical  examination  (See  Ex- 

amination) 

Physicians,  school: 

Duties  of 

I, 

1-20  .. 

51-58 

j 

V, 

1,  2,  4-6 

67,  68 

Hours  for  inspection 

I, 

1 

51,  52 

Records  of 

I, 

16,20  .. 

57,58 

Responsibility  to  Board  of 

Health  

51 

Poliomyelitis,  anterior 

I, 

5,  7, 14 

52,53,56 

IV, 

2,3  ... 

64,  66 

Readmission  of  pupils  after  ill- 

ness   

I, 

14  

55,56 

Ringworm  

I, 

6 

53 

III, 

3 

61 

Scabies  

I, 

6 

53 

III, 

4 

61 

Scarlet  fever 

I, 

5,7, 14 

52,53,56 

IV, 

3 

66 

Symptoms  of 

IV, 

2 

65 

School  physicians  (See  Physi- 

cians) 

Small  pox  

I, 

4,  7, 14 

52,53,56 

, 

IV, 

2,3  ... 

64,  66 

Teachers : 

Duties  of 

IV, 

1-5  ... 

63-67 

Tuberculosis  

I, 

5 

53 

IX 


INDEX— Continued 


Vaccination: 

Chapter 

Section 

Page 

Certificates  of 

. . I, 

15  

56,57 

Successful  

. . I, 

15  

56 

Unsuccessful  

Varicella  (See  Chicken  pox) 

. . I, 

15  

56,57 

Whooping  cough  

. . I, 

5,  7, 14 

52,53,56 

IV, 

3 ..... 

66 

Symptoms  of 

..  IV, 

2 

66 

X 


RULES  of  the  SCHOOL  COMMITTEE 


CHAPTER  I 

Organization — Officers  and  Their  Duties 

Section  1.  The  School  Committee  of  Newton  shall 
meet  on  the  first  secular  day  of  January,  each  year,  and 
organize  by  the  election  by  ballot  of  one  of  its  members 
as  chairman,  and  by  the  election  of  a secretary  who  shall 
not  be  one  of  its  members. 

Chairman 

Section  2.  The  chairman  shall  preside  at  all  meetings 
of  the  Committee.  In  the  absence  of  the  chairman,  a 
chairman  pro  tern,  shall  be  elected. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  chairman  to  prepare  the 
annual  report,  and  to  submit  a draft  of  said  report  to  the 
Committee  at  the  last  regular  meeting  in  December  of 
each  year. 

The  chairman  shall  approve  all  bills  for  expenses  or 
charges  incurred  under  authority  of  the  Committee. 

Secretary 

Section  3.  The  secretary  shall  keep  a record  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  Committee  and  shall  keep  on  file  in 
his  office  all  reports,  communications,  papers  and  docu- 
ments relating  to  the  business  of  the  Committee,  or 
belonging  to  it. 


4 


Section  Jf.  The  secretary  shall  give  to  every  member 
of  the  Committee,  and  to  the  superintendent,  at  least 
forty-eight  hours  notice  of  each  meeting;  shall  notify 
teachers  of  their  election;  shall  act  as  the  corresponding 
agent  of  the  Committee,  in  matters  not  otherwise  de- 
puted, preserving  copies  of  correspondence;  and  shall  per- 
form such  other  duties  as  may  be  required  by  the  Com- 
mittee. 

CHAPTER  II 
Meetings 

Section  1.  The  Committee  shall  meet  on  the  first  sec- 
ular day  of  January  and  on  the  second  and  fourth 
Wednesdays  of  each  month,  except  July  and  August.  When- 
ever such  a Wednesday  falls  on  a legal  holiday,  the 
meeting  shall  be  held  on  the  Friday  following.  All 
meetings  shall  be  held  at  7.45  o’clock  P.  M.,  at  the  Com- 
mittee rooms,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  the  Commit- 
tee. Five  members  shall  constitute  a quorum. 

Section  2.  Special  meetings  may  be  called  by  the 
chairman  or  upon  the  written  request  of  any  two  mem- 
bers and  the  notice  of  such  meeting  shall  state  the 
special  matter  to  be  considered.  At  such  meetings  only 
the  business  for  which  the  meeting  was  called  shall  be 
in  order. 

Section  3.  In  May  in  each  year  the  Committee  shall, 
subject  to  the  provisions  of  Chapter  III,  Section  2 of 
these  rules,  appoint  teachers  for  all  the  schools,  and 
one  or  more  attendance  officers,  for  the  ensuing  school 


5 


year,  and  fix  their  compensation.  Upon  recommendation 
of  the  superintendent,  by  vote  of  the  School  Committee, 
a teacher  may  be  transferred  from  one  school  to  another 
at  any  time  during  the  year. 

Section  4.  All  meetings  shall  be  open  and  public,  ex- 
cept when  the  Committee  votes  to  go  into  executive 
session. 

Section  5.  At  the  request  of  one  member  the  vote 
upon  any  question  shall  be  by  count,  and  at  the  request 
of  two  members  the  vote  shall  be  by  yeas  and  nays, 
and  entered  upon  the  record.  In  such  cases  every  mem- 
ber present  shall  vote  unless  excused  by  the  Committee. 

Section  6.  No  action  of  the  Committee  shall  be  re- 
considered or  rescinded  at  a subsequent  meeting  in  the 
same  municipal  year,  except  by  vote  of  a majority  of 
all  the  members  of  the  Committee. 

Section  7.  Motions  to  adjourn,  to  lay  on  the  table, 
and  for  the  previous  question,  shall  be  decided  without 
debate. 

Section  8.  At  the  request  of  any  member  any  motion 
offered  shall  be  put  in  writing  before  it  is  voted  on,  ex- 
cept those  mentioned  in  Section  7. 

Section  9.  Any  of  the  rules  may  be  suspended  at  any 
meeting  until  the  next  meeting,  or  for  a less  time,  by  a 
vote  of  a majority  of  all  the  members  of  the  Committee. 

Section  10.  The  conduct  of  meetings  and  of  the  busi- 
ness of  the  Committee  shall  be  in  accordance  with  the 
laws  of  the  State  and  the  rules  of  parliamentary  practice 
as  laid  down  in  Cushing’s  Manual. 


6 


Section  11,  The  School  Committee  being  a continuous 
body,  these  rules  continue  in  force  from  year  to  year. 
They  may  be  amended  or  repealed  at  any  meeting  by  a 
vote  of  a majority  of  the  whole  Committee,  provided 
notice  shall  have  been  given  of  such  proposed  action  at 
a previous  meeting. 

CHAPTER  III 

Superintendent  and  His  Duties 

Section  1.  The  superintendent  of  schools  shall  be 
elected  annually  in  the  month  of  April,  or  whenever  a 
vacancy  occurs,  and  shall  enter  upon  the  duties  of  his 
office  on  the  first  of  September  next  ensuing,  or  at  such 
time  as  the  Committee  may  determine,  and  shall  continue 
to  hold  his  office  during  the  pleasure  of  the  Committee. 

Section  2.  The  superintendent  shall  be  the  advisory 
and  executive  oflacer  of  the  Committee,  and  under  its 
direction  and  control  shall  have  the  care  and  supervision 
of  all  the  schools,  and  authority  over  all  employees  of 
the  School  Department. 

In  all  matters  where  his  duties  are  not  definitely 
prescribed,  he  shall  exercise  his  discretion,  subject  to 
the  approval  of  the  Committee. 

Section  3.  He  shall  direct  and  supervise  the  schools 
in  conformity  with  the  courses  of  study  and  these  rules ; 
shall  visit  each  school  as  often  as  practicable,  carefully 
examine  its  progress  and  condition,  and  labor  for  its 
improvement. 


r 


He  may  at  any  time  examine  the  schools  or  cause 
them  to  be  examined  by  written  or  oral  tests;  and  the 
teachers  shall  give  him  such  assistance  in  this  work  as 
he  may  require. 

He  shall  advise  with  teachers  in  reference  to  methods 
of  teaching  and  discipline;  shall  pay  particular  attention 
to  the  classification  of  the  pupils,  that  there  may  be,  so 
far  as  practicable,  a uniform  course  of  instruction  and 
system  of  discipline  pursued  in  the  different  schools  of 
the  same  grade. 

Section  4.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  superintendent 
to  report  to  the  Committee  any  lack  of  qualification  or 
faithfulness  in  a teacher  that  is  not  promptly  corrected 
upon  his  suggestion.  He  may,  at  his  discretion,  hold 
meetings  of  teachers  for  discussion  of  details  and  meth- 
ods of  school  work;  and  shall  keep  the  Committee  in- 
formed as  to  the  condition  of  the  schools.  He  shall  see 
that  the  prescribed  studies  are  carefully  pursued,  that 
no  books  but  those  adopted  by  the  Committee  are  used 
as  text  books,  and  that  the  rules  of  the  Committee  are 
faithfully  observed  by  teachers. 

Section  5.  He  shall  prescribe  and  receive  from  teach- 
ers their  reports,  and  classify  and  place  them  on  file. 

Section  6.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  superintendent 
to  fill  all  vacancies  occasioned  by  the  temporary  absence 
of  teachers,  and  make  other  temporary  arrangements 
relative  to  the  schools  which  he  may  deem  proper,  and 
report  them  to  the  Committee. 

Section  7.  He  shall  prepare  a system  of  blanks  for 


8 


statistical  reports  of  attendance  of  pupils,  and  other 
items  which  at  any  time  may  be  desired.  He  shall  also 
inquire  into  the  causes  of  truancy  and  irregular  attend- 
ance, and  suggest  remedies  therefor  which  to  him  may 
seem  feasible  and  proper. 

SecMon  8.  He  shall  issue  certificates,  in  accordance 
with  the  laws  of  the  State,  of  the  age  and  school  at- 
tendance of  children  who  desire  employment  in  manu- 
facturing, mechanical  or  mercantile  establishments,  and 
shall  co-operate  with  the  Committee  in  securing  the  ob- 
servance of  the  law  concerning  the  employment  of 
children  in  such  places. 

Section  9,  In  case  of  very  stormy  weather,  the  super- 
intendent may  suspend  any  or  all  of  the  schools  for  a 
part  or  for  the  whole  of  the  day.* 

Section  10,  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  superintendent 
of  schools  to  see  that  exit  drills  are  held  at  least  once 
in  two  weeks  in  every  school  in  the  city. 

Section  11,  He  shall  from  time  to  time  inspect  school 
buildings,  furniture,  and  apparatus  for  heating  and  ven- 
tilating rooms,  and  report  to  the  Committee  any  defects 
which  may  impair  the  health  of  teachers  and  pupils,  or 
interfere  with  the  efficiency  of  the  schools. 


* The  storm  signal  3-3-3  is  given  at  7.45  A.  M.  for  the  sus- 
pension of  the  morning  session,  and  at  12.45  P.  M.  for  the  sus- 
pension of  the  afternoon  session,  of  grammar  schools.  When 
there  is  also  to  be  no  session  of  the  high  schools,  the  signal  will 
be  given  at  7.15  A.  M.,  in  which  case  the  signal  at  7.45  will 
be  omitted. 


9 


Section  12.  He  shall  keep  a list  of  applicants  for 
school  positions,  and  a record  of  such  facts  as  may  be 
known  to  him  respecting  their  character,  experience  and 
qualifications,  and  shall  recommend  to  the  Committee 
candidates  for  election. 

He  shall  on  request  furnish  to  the  Committee  written 
lists  of  books  and  supplies  that  may  be  needed,  from 
time  to  time,  for  the  several  schools. 

The  superintendent  shall,  when  required  by  the  Com- 
mittee, act  as  its  agent  in  the  purchase  and  distribution 
of  supplies  for  the  schools. 

Section  IS.  The  superintendent  shall  approve  all 
requisitions  for  supplies  and  receive  and  examine  all 
bills  of  which  the  Committee  takes  cognizance,  and  if 
found  correct,  approve  them;  shall  prepare  the  monthly 
pay-rolls;  shall  keep  a full  and  accurate  account  of  all 
receipts  and  disbursements;  shall  furnish  a monthly 
statement  of  these  to  the  Committee,  with  a statement 
of  the  amounts  of  the  various  appropriations  expended 
and  unexpended;  and  shall  perform  such  other  duties  as 
may  he  required  by  the  Committee. 

Section  I4.  He  shall  prepare  for  the  Committee  the 
annual  returns  required  by  law,  and  transmit  them,  after 
being  duly  signed,  to  the  State  Board  of  Education. 

He  shall  prepare  and  present  in  January  to  the  Com- 
mittee for  publication  an  annual  report  of  the  condition 
of  the  schools  for  the  year  preceding,  together  with  such 
suggestions  and  statistics  as  he  may  deem  worthy  of 
consideration. 


10 


Section  15.  He  shall  devote  his  entire  time  during 
school  sessions  to  the  performance  of  his  various  duties; 
shall  have  his  office  at  the  Committee  room,  or  other 
suitable  place  to  be  approved  by  the  Committee,  and 
shall  be  present  there  at  least  one  afternoon  in  each 
week  of  the  school  year. 

Section  16.  To  aid  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties  he 
may,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  School  Com- 
mittee, employ  clerical  assistance  at  an  expense  to  he 
fixed  by  it. 

Section  17.  The  superintendent  shall  attend  all  meet- 
ings of  the  Committee,  except  when  his  election  is  in 
order  or  under  discussion,  and  when  called  upon  through 
the  chairman,  shall  express  his  opinion  on  any  topic 
under  discussion  and  communicate  such  information  as 
he  may  possess. 

Section  18.  All  votes  and  directions  of  the  Committee 
affecting  pupils,  parents,  or  teachers  shall  be  communi- 
cated through  the  superintendent. 

CHAPTER  IV  - 

Assistant  Superintendent,  and  Others 

Assistant  Superintendent 

Section  1.  The  assistant  superintendent  shall  be  under 
the  direction  of  the  superintendent  and  shall  report  to 
him  or  to  the  School  Committee  whenever  so  requested. 
The  superintendent  shall  assign  to  the  assistant  superin- 
tendent such  duties  as  he  deems  best.  He  may  delegate 


11 


to  him  any  part  of  his  authority,  except  such  of  it  as 
relates  to  the  appointment,  transfer  or  removal  of  teach- 
ers or  principals,  and  he  shall  have  authority  to  make 
such  arrangements  and  to  give  to  the  assistant  superin- 
tendent such  directions,  not  contrary  to  the  rules  of  the 
School  Committee,  as,  in  his  judgment,  the  welfare  of  the 
schools  requires. 

Assistant  to  the  Superintendent 

Section  2,  The  assistant  to  the  superintendent  shall 
be  elected  in  the  month  of  April,  or  whenever  a vacancy 
occurs,  to  hold  his  office  during  the  pleasure  of  the 
Committee. 

Section  3.  The  assistant  to  the  superintendent  shall  be 
subject  to  the  authority  and  direction  of  the  superin- 
tendent, and  shall  undertake  such  duties  as  may  be 
assigned  to  him  by  the  superintendent  or  by  vote  of  the 
School  Committee. 


CHAPTER  V 

Teachers — rQualifications,  Electioiii  Salaries 

Qualifications 

Section  1.  Elementary  Teachers.  Elementary  and 
kindergarten  teachers  must  have  education  equivalent  to 
graduation  from  high  school  and  must  be  graduates  of 
college,  or  of  normal  or  approved  training  school. 

Before  receiving  appointment  as  a regular  teacher,  at 
least  one  year's  successful  experience,  either  as  an  as- 


12 


sistant  in  the  Newton  schools  or  as  a teacher  under 
approved  conditions  will  be  required. 

High  School  Teachers.  High  school  teachers  must 
have  education  equivalent  to  a four  year  college  course 
and  be  adequately  prepared  in  the  subject  or  subjects  to 
be  taught.  In  certain  subjects,  requiring  technical  edu- 
cation, special  and  adequate  preparation  in  the  subject, 
supplemented  by  practical  experience,  may  be  accepted 
in  lieu  of  the  college  degree. 

Before  being  appointed  as  a regular  high  school 
teacher,  not  less  than  one  year’s  successful  experience 
will  be  required.  This  experience  may  be  gained  as  an 
assistant  in  the  Newton  schools,  or  as  a teacher  under 
approved  conditions. 

Directors  and  Teachers  of  Special  Subjects.  Minimum 
requirements  for  such  positions  are  (1)  good  general 
scholarship,  and  (2)  thorough  and  adequate  training  in 
the  subject  to  be  taught,  to-gether  with  some  teaching 
experience.  For  certain  positions,  practice  teaching  in 
approved  training  schools  may  be  accepted. 

Principals.  To  be  eligible  as  a principal  of  a high  or 
elementary  school,  one  must  possess  the  maximum  quali- 
fications required  of  teachers  in  these  schools. 

Appointment  and  Reappointment 

Section  2.  New  teachers  may  be  appointed  by  the 
School  Committee  on  recommendation  of  the  superin- 
tendent at  any  time  when  their  services  are  required. 

Reappointment  of  teachers  in  service  shall  be  made 


13 


annually  in  the  month  of  May  until  after  the  third  am 
nual  reappointment.  After  the  beginning  of  the  fourth 
year  of  consecutive  service,  a teacher’s  tenure  is  no 
longer  dependent  upon  annual  reappointment.  During 
these  three  years  a teacher  may  expect  continuous  reap- 
pointment except  for  cause,  but  the  School  Committee 
shall  be  the  sole  judge  of  the  nature  and  suiSciency  of 
causes  that  make  reappointment  undesirable. 

All  regular  teachers  must  serve  a probationary  period 
of  not  less  than  two  nor  more  than  three  years  in  the 
Newton  schools  before  coming  fully  under  the  salary 
schedule,  elementary  or  high. 

Appointments  beyond  this  probationary  period  are 
conditioned  upon  the  success  of  the  teacher.  To  be 
placed  on  permanent  tenure  a teacher  must  show  evi- 
dence of  growth  warranting  the  expectation  of  service 
commensurate  with  the  increasing  salary  provided  by 
the  schedule. 

Any  teacher  or  principal  may  be  suspended  by  the 
superintendent  or  discharged  by  the  School  Committee 
for  improper  conduct,  unfaithfulness  to  duty,  failure  to 
pay  just  debts,  or  failure  to  render  that  service  necessary 
to  the  progress  of  the  schools,  under  the  following  pro- 
visions: 

a.  The  School  Committee  may  dismiss  any  teacher  by 
a two-thirds  vote  of  the  whole  Committee  and  such 
teacher  shall  not  receive  any  compensation  for  service 
rendered  after  such  dismissal;  provided  that  such 
teacher  shall  not  be  dismissed  unless  at  least  thirty  days 


14 


prior  to  the  meeting,  exclusive  of  customary  vacation 
periods,  at  which  the  Committee  votes  upon  the  question 
of  dismissal  he  shall  have  been  given  notice  of  the  in- 
tention of  the  School  Committee  to  vote  upon  the  ques- 
tion of  his  dismissal,  nor  unless  he  shall  have  been  given 
upon  his  request  a statement  by  the  School  Committee 
of  the  reasons  for  which  his  dismissal  is  proposed,  noi 
unless  also  the  superintendent  shall  have  given  to  the 
School  Committee  his  recommendation  as  to  the  pro- 
posed dismissal. 

b.  No  teacher  on  permanent  tenure  shall  suffer  a de- 
crease of  salary  without  his  consent  except  by  general 
salary  revision  affecting  equally  all  teachers  of  the  same 
salaried  grade. 

Nothing  herein  contained  shall  be  considered  as  limit- 
ing the  right  of  the  School  Committee  to  dismiss  a 
teacher  when  an  actual  decrease  in  the  number  of  pupils, 
or  the  discontinuance  of  the  position  held  by  the  teacher, 
or  other  interest  of  municipal  economy  renders  such 
action  advisable,  nor  the  right  to  suspend  a teacher  for 
immoral  conduct  or  other  conduct  unbecoming  a teacher; 
and  if  the  teacher  so  suspended  is  subsequently  dis- 
missed because  of  such  conduct  he  shall  not  receive  any 
salary  for  the  period  of  the  suspension. 

Section  3.  In  the  high  schools,  the  head  teacher  shall 
be  called  principal;  all  other  teachers  shall  be  classified 
as  heads  of  departments,  teachers,  or  special  assistants. 
In  the  lower  schools,  teachers  at  the  head  of  districts 
shall  be  called  principals;  other  teachers  shall  be  classi- 


15 


fied  as  principals’  assistants,  teachers,  special  building 
assistants,  kindergartners,  kindergarten  assistants,  or 
kindergarten  helpers.  All  other  teachers  in  any  of  the 
schools  shall  be  classified  as  special  teachers  or  super- 
visors. 

Salary  Schedule 

Section  4.  Teachers  shall  receive  the  salaries  fixed  by 
the  School  Committee.  Ordinarily  salaries  will  be  fixed 
at  the  time  of  appointment  or  reappointment,  and  for  all 
teachers  who  have  served  the  probationary  period,  will 
be  increased  at  the  rate  of  $100  per  year  until  the 
teacher  receives  the  maximum,  according  to  classifi- 
cation, provided  in  the  following  salary  schedule. 

The  stated  increase  may  be  withheld  at  the  discretion 
of  the  School  Committee;  and  for  specially  meritorious 
work  a teacher  may  receive  a larger  increase.  No  in- 
crease will  be  granted  to  teachers  who  fail  to  meet  all 
reasonable  requirements  of  successful  accomplishment, 
such  as:  power  to  discipline;  adequate  knowledge  and 
preparation;  definite,  measurable  and  satisfactory  re- 
sults; loyal  and  harmonious  co-operation;  and  recog- 
nized increased  efficiency. 

Teachers  of  special  subjects  will  in  general  be  eligible 
to  the  maximum  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  in- 
crease which  apply  to  the  regular  teachers  in  the  grade 
of  school  in  which  these  special  teachers  work. 

The  fixing  of  all  salaries  is  dependent  upon  the  ade- 
quacy of  appropriations  made  available  by  the  Board 
of  Aldermen. 


16 


Teachers’  Salary  Schedule 
High  Schools 

Principals As  voted  by  School  Committee 

Heads  of  Departments $2500  to  $3800,  according  to 

importance  and  requirements 
of  position 


Yearly 

Minimum 

Increase 

Maximum 

Teachers  . . . 

$1600 

$100 

$2500-3000 

Assistants  . . 

1000 

100 

1500 

Secretaries  . 

1200 

100 

1800 

Clerks  

750 

100 

1200 

Elementary  Schools 

Yearly 

Minimum 

Increase 

Maximum 

Principals  . . . 

$2400 

As  voted 

As  voted 

Principals’  Assistants.  1600 

$100 

$1900-2200 

Grade  Teachers  1200 

100 

1800-2000 

Kindergarten 

Teachers  1000 

100 

1550 

Kindergarten 

Assist- 

ants  

900 

100 

1450 

Building  Assistants...  1000 

100 

1100 

Special  Subjects 

Supervisors,  special  teachers  and 

their  assistants  As  voted 


17 


Teachers  may  be  advanced  beyond  the  stated  maximum 
by  vote  of  the  School  Committee,  on  recommendation  of 
the ' superintendent.  These  increases  shall  be  entirely 
individual  and  based  upon  unusual  merit  and  efficiency. 
No  teacher  shall  receive  an  increase  beyond  the  stated 
maximum  who  has  not  shown  unquestioned  evidence  of: 

First:  professional  growth. 

Second:  a satisfactory  professional  attitude. 

Third:  power  to  control  pupils  and  secure  their  co- 
operation. 

Fourth:  marked  skill  in  teaching,  coupled  with  ability 
to  secure  results. 

Section  5.  Salaries  of  teachers  will  ordinarily  be  paid 
in  instalments  during  the  school  year,  but  upon  request 
of  the  teachers  of  a district  and  approval  of  the  Com- 
mittee, salaries  of  all  the  teachers  of  that  district  will 
be  paid  in  not  less  than  twelve  instalments  one  at  the 
first  of  each  month  of  the  calendar  year,  subject  to  any 
proper  deductions  for  absence  or  other  cause;  and  any 
such  teacher  who  resigns  or  for  other  cause  does  not 
continue  through  the  whole  school  year,  shall  neverthe- 
less receive  at  the  time  of  concluding  service,  that  pro- 
portion of  the  payments  which  would  otherwise  be  due 
at  the  first  of  the  next  August  and  the  first  of  the  next 
September  which  the  period  of  service,  plus  any  accrued 
period  of  absence  or  disability  for  which  pay  is  allowed 
within  the  school  year,  is  of  the  whole  school  year,  pro- 
vided however  that  no  teacher  shall  hereunder  receive  a 
total  for  the  year  bearing  a greater  ratio  to  the  salary 


18 


fixed  for  the  whole  school  year  than  the  actual  term  of 
service  and  allowances  of  such  teacher  bears  to  the  time 
of  the  whole  school  year. 

Section  6.  Any  teacher  who  has  served  continuously 
in  the  Newton  schools  for  any  period  of  not  less  than 
seven  years  may,  on  the  recommendation  of  the  superin- 
tendent, be  granted  leave  of  absence  not  exceeding  one 
year.  During  such  absence  the  teacher  shall  continue  in 
the  employment  of  the  School  Department,  and  shall  re- 
ceive a monthly  salary  equal  to  one-half  his  monthly 
salary  of  the  preceding  year.  A teacher’s  leave  of  ab- 
sence shall  be  spent  largely  or  wholly  in  such  study  as 
the  superintendent  may  approve. 

The  request  for  a leave  of  absence  under  this  section 
shall  be  made  prior  to  November  1 of  the  school  year 
previous  to  the  year  for  which  absence  is  requested. 

As  a condition  of  receiving  such  leave  of  absence,  the 
teacher  shall  enter  into  a contract  to  continue  in  the 
service  of  the  School  Department  for  a period  of  at  least 
three  years  after  the  expiration  of  the  leave  of  absence; 
failing  to  so  continue  in  the  service  of  the  School  De- 
partment, the  teacher  shall  repay  to  City  of  Newton  a 
sum  bearing  the  same  ratio  to  the  amount  of  salary  re- 
ceived while  on  leave  of  absence  that  the  unfulfilled  por- 
tion of  the  three  subsequent  years’  service  bears  to  the 
full  three  years. 

Provided,  however,  that  the  teacher  shall  be  released 
from  such  payment  if  his  failure  to  serve  the  three 
years,  as  stipulated,  be  due  to  his  illness,  or  if  he  be 


19 

discharged  or  voluntarily  released  from  his  position  by 
the  School  Committee. 

Section  7.  Any  regular  employee  of  the  School  De- 
partment, absent  on  account  of  personal  illness  or  other 
like  disability  or  any  quarantine  regulation  of  the  Board 
of  Health,  shall  nevertheless  be  entitled  to  full  pay  for 
one  week,  full  pay  for  one  day  for  each  year  of  past  serv- 
ice in  the  School  Department,  and  one-half  pay  for  twice 
the  period  of  full  pay,  which  shall  be  the  maximum  al- 
lowance for  absence  or  accumulation  of  absences  during 
a school  year,  except  as  next  hereinafter  provided. 

Such  person  shall  also  and  in  addition  to  all  other 
provisions  of  this  section  be  allowed  full  pay  while  ab- 
sent on  account  of  personal  illness,  or  the  death  of  a 
relative,  for  not  more  than  five  days  in  any  one  school 
year,  provided  that  such  absences  if  on  account  of  per- 
sonal illness  are  not  of  longer  duration  than  one  day  in 
any  one  week. 

A certificate  or  report  of  a school  physician  shall  be 
furnished  when  so  requested  by  the  superintendent. 

Nothing  shall  be  paid  under  this  section  if  the  dis- 
ability appears  to  come  under  the  provisions  of  any 
pension  or  compensation  law. 

Nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  construed  to  prevent 
the  superintendent  of  schools  from  authorizing  leave  of 
absence  on  school  business,  nor  to  prevent  the  School 
Committee  from  granting  leave  of  absence  on  half  pay 
for  a Sabbatical  year. 

The  foregoing  provisions  of  this  section  apply  to  the 


20 


superintendent  and  all  others  in  the  School  Department, 
except  substitutes  and  those  who  at  the  the  time  of  ab- 
sence are  being  employed  from  day  to  day,  or  for  a term 
not  exceeding  one  month. 

Section  8.  Any  teacher  intending  to  resign  shall  give 
to  the  superintendent  four  weeks  notice  of  such  inten- 
tion, or  failing  to  do  so  shall  forfeit  all  salary  for  the 
last  month  of  service  unless  the  Committee  shall  other- 
wise order;  also,  unless  otherwise  ordered  by  the  Com- 
mittee, resignations  will  not  be  accepted  to  take  effect 
between  May  15  and  the  closing  of  school  sessions  in 
any  school  year,  nor  to  take  effect  during  August  and 
September,  unless  in  the  latter  case  a written  resignation 
has  been  placed  on  file  with  the  superintendent  before 
the  first  day  of  August. 

In  case  of  necessity  substitute  teachers  may  be  em- 
ployed by  the  superintendent  subject  to  the  approval  of 
the  Committee. 

CHAPTER  VI 

Principals  and  Teachers 

Section  1.  Principals  shall  have  general  supervision 
of  the  grounds,  buildings  and  appurtenances  of  their 
schools,,  and  shall  be  held  responsible  for  the  neatness 
and  cleanliness  of  the  premises,  and  whenever  any  re- 
pairs are  needed  shall  give  notice  thereof  in  writing  to 
the  superintendent.  They  shall  see  to  the  enforcement 
of  the  rules  of  the  Committee,  including  rules 
affecting  fire  hazard  and  strictly  carry  out  the  direc- 


21 


tions  of  the  superintendent.  They  shall  have  general 
charge  of  the  discipline  of  the  pupils  in  their  buildings. 
They  shall  have  supervision  of  the  pupils  during  recesses 
and  other  times  of  relaxation.  At  such  times  they  may 
call  upon  teachers  for  assistance  and  require  them  to 
perform  any  duties  that  may  be  necessary  in  order  to 
secure  the  proper  deportment  of  pupils.  They  shall 
render  such  assistance  in  the  supervision  of  methods  of 
instruction  and  discipline  as  the  superintendent  shall 
direct  and  require.  They  shall  give  advice  and  directions 
to  teachers  in  any  emergency,  and  shall  be  subject  to 
the  rules  governing  other  teachers.  They  shall  not  allow 
any  doors  used  by  pupils  in  entering  or  leaving  their 
buildings  to  be  locked  or  bolted  during  school  sessions 
so  as  to  prevent  exit.  They  shall  under  the  direction 
of  the  superintendent,  have  the  control  of  the  janitors 
and  engineers;  shall  see  that  the  rules  for  their  govern- 
ment are  enforced,  and  shall  report  to  the  superintendent 
or  as  he  shall  direct  any  neglect  of  duty  or  improper 
conduct  on  their  part. 

Section  2.  In  cases  of  truancy  in  their  respective 
buildings,  they  shall,  under  the  direction  of  the  superin- 
tendent, cause  the  attendance  officer  to  investigate  and 
report  thereon  without  unnecessary  delay. 

Section  3.  They  shall  make  requisitions  in  writing 
upon  the  superintendent,  at  such  times  as  he  may  desig- 
nate, for  all  the  text-books  and  supplies  necessary  for 
the  schools  in  their  buildings,  and  shall  require  the  books 


22 


belonging  to  the  different  rooms  to  be  properly  labeled 
and  cared  for  by  the  teachers  thereof.  They  shall,  in 
such  manner  as  the  superintendent  may  direct,  keep  an 
account  of  the  books  and  supplies  ordered  by  and  de- 
livered to  each  teacher,  and  shall  exercise  a watchful 
care  over  all  school  property,  and  when  so  requested  re- 
port to  the  superintendent  a list  of  all  the  text-books  on 
hand  in  their  buildings,  and  their  condition. 

Section  4-  They  shall  examine  the  school  registers 
from  time  to  time  during  each  school  year,  and  give 
such  directions  as  shall  cause  them  to  be  kept  in  a 
proper  manner. 

Section  5.  They  shall  send  to  the  superintendent, 
whenever  required  by  him,  a detailed  report  in  writing 
of  the  condition  of  the  schools  in  their  districts,  to-gether 
with  such  suggestions  and  recommendations  as  they  may 
deem  proper. 

Section  6.  They  shall  have  authority  to  suspend,  sub- 
ject to  an  appeal  by  the  parent  or  guardian  to  the  super- 
intendent, any  pupil  from  school  for  any  of  the  following 
reasons: 

1.  Persistent  truancy. 

2.  Violent  opposition  to  authority, 

3.  Repetition  of  any  offence  after  notice. 

4.  Habitual  and  determined  neglect  of  duty. 

5.  Use  of  profane  or  obscene  language. 

6.  General  bad  conduct  and  bad  example,  tending  to 

the  injury  of  the  school. 


23 


7.  Cutting,  marring,  destroying,  defacing  or  injuring 
any  of  the  public  property,  such  as  buildings, 
furniture,  fences,  trees  and  shrubbery. 

Provided  always,  that  they  shall  immediately,  in 
writing,  inform  the  parent  or  guardian  and  the  superin- 
tendent of  such  suspension  and  the  reason  therefor. 

Section  7.  The  exit  signal  system  shall  be  tested,  and 
the  result  of  the  test  recorded  daily,  either  by  the 
principal  or  by  some  responsible  person  whom  he  shall 
designate  for  the  purpose,  in  which  case  a report  of  the 
result  shall  be  given  to  the  principal  to  be  recorded. 

Section  8.  The  test  shall  be  made  shortly  before  the 
opening  of  the  morning  session,  and  the  station  from 
which  the  test  is  rung  should  be  varied  from  day  to  day, 
so  that  all  stations  will  be  tested  from  time  to  time. 

Section  9.  The  exit  signal  shall  be  uniform  in  all 
schools,  namely  the  **  four-four  ” signal,  given  by  four 
distinct  rings,  followed  after  a slight  pause,  by  a second 
four  distinct  rings. 

Section  10.  The  forward  march  signal  when  all 
exit  doors  are  to  be  used  shall  be  one  sharp  ring,  fol- 
lowing, after  a slight  pause,  the  second  “ four  signal. 
Two  sharp  rings  instead  of  one  shall  indicate  that  only 
the  right  hand  exits  are  to  be  used,  while  three  rings 
shall  indicate  that  only  the  left  hand  exits  are  to  be 
used.  (The  right  hand  exits  shall  be  the  exits  at  the 
right  when  one  faces  the  front  of  the  building  from  the 
inside,  and  the  left  hand  exits  the  ones  at  the  left  hand 


24 


when  one  faces  the  front  of  the  building  from  the 
inside.) 

Section  11.  No  general  alarm  for  exit  drill  purposes 
in  any  school  building  shall  be  sounded  on  a gong  used 
for  other  than  exit  drill  purposes,  and  the  fire  alarm 
gong  shall  not  be  used  for  any  other  purpose  than  to 
sound  the  signal  for  the  exit  drill. 

Section  12.  A written  report  shall  be  made  to  the 
superintendent  of  schools  of  the  number  and  date  of  all 
exit  drills  held  during  the  month. 

Section  IS.  They  shall  return  to  the  superintendent, 
upon  blanks  provided  for  the  purpose,  a monthly  report 
of  the  attendance,  and  other  required  statistics  of  the 
schools  under  their  charge,  using  for  the  purpose  the 
monthly  reports  of  the  teachers. 

Section  I4.  All  teachers  shall,  according  to  the  laws 
of  this  Commonwealth,  “ exert  their  best  endeavors  to 
impress  on  the  minds  of  children  and  youth  committed 
to  their  care  and  instruction,  the  principles  of  piety  and 
justice,  and  a sacred  regard  for  truth,  love  of  the  coun- 
try, humanity,  and  universal  benevolence,  sobriety,  in- 
dustry, and  frugality,  chastity,  moderation  and  temper- 
ance, and  those  other  virtues  which  are  the  ornament  of 
human  society,  and  the  basis  upon  which  a republican 
constitution  is  founded.” 

Section  15.  All  teachers  shall  respect  the  rules,  regula- 
tions, and  requirements  of  the  Committee  transmitted 
through  the  superintendent,  and  shall  co-operate  cor- 
dially with  him  and  with  each  other  in  the  conduct  of 


25 


the  schools  and  the  maintenance  of  good  order  therein. 
They  shall  consider  the  suggestions  and  directions  of  the 
superintendent  as  given  by  authority  of  the  School 
Committee. 

Section  16,  Teachers  shall  mantain  discipline  by  rea- 
sonable and  proper  means,  resorting  to  corporal  punish- 
ment only  in  extreme  cases  and  then  only  when  approved 
by  the  principal  or  superintendent.  No  corporal  punish- 
ment shall  be  inflicted  in  the  presence  of  a school.  They 
shall  make  a record  of  all  cases  of  corporal  punishment, 
specifying  the  pupil’s  name  and  age,  the  date  and  nature 
of  the  offense,  and  the  date,  mode  and  severity  of  the  pun- 
ishment. Any  matter  of  discipline  may  be  referred  to  the 
principal;  and  if  deemed  necessary,  a written  report 
shall  be  sent  to  the  pupil’s  parents  or  guardian. 

Section  17.  Teachers  shall  give  vigilant  attention  to 
the  ventilation,  temperature,  and  light  of  their  respective 
school-rooms.  They  shall  also  exercise  all  proper  care 
and  authority  in  inducing  habits  of  cleanliness  in  their 
pupils,  and  in  preventing  the  use  of  profane  and  improper 
language. 

Section  18.  Teachers  shall  have  authority,  and  it  shall 
be  their  duty,  to  make  and  enforce  by  reasonable  means, 
any  rules  and  regulations  necessary  and  proper  for  the 
internal  regulation  of  their  respective  schools,  subject 
to  the  approval  of  their  principal. 

Section  19.  Every  teacher  shall  keep  a register  of  the 
enrolment,  attendance,  and  other  required  statistics  of  the 
class  or  classes  in  his  or  her  charge  upon  blanks  to  be 


26 


provided  for  that  purpose,  which  shall  be  returned 
monthly  to  the  principal. 

Section  20.  Teachers  shall  keep  a copy  of  the  Rules  in 
their  respective  school-rooms,  and  shall  thoroughly  famil- 
iarize themselves  with  its  contents. 

CHAPTER  VII 

School  Sessions,  Etc. 

Section  1.  School  sessions  shall  begin  on  the  second 
Monday  of  September  and  shall  continue  forty  weeks, 
unless  a shorter  period  is  fixed  by  the  Committee  in  any 
year,  not  including  Christmas  week  and  the  week  of  the 
spring  recess. 

Section  2.  There  shall  be  a suspension  of  school  every 
Saturday,  every  legal  holiday,  the  half  day  preceding  and 
the  day  following  Thanksgiving.  In  any  emergency,  if  it 
is  impracticable  to  call  a special  meeting  of  the  Commit- 
tee, the  chairman  may  close  any  or  all  of  the  schools  for 
a day.  In  case  of  very  stormy  weather,  the  superin- 
tendent may  suspend  any  or  all  of  the  schools  for  the 
whole  or  a part  of  a day. 

Section  3.  Unless  otherwise  ordered  by  the  Committee 
the  school  sessions  shall  be  as  follows: 

(a)  The  high  schools  shall  have  one  session,  the 
Classical  and  Technical  schools  from  8:30  to  2:20,  and 
the  Vocational  School  from  8:30  to  3:30  each  day  with 
a recess  not  to  exceed  thirty  minutes. 

(b)  The  sessions  of  the  graded  schools  shall  be  as 


27 


follows:  From  8:30  to  12  daily,  and  from  1:30  to  3:30, 
on  Monday,  Wednesday -and  Friday  afternoons;  except 
that,  in  the  first  two  grades  the  morning  session  may 
close  at  11:45.  There  shall  be  a recess  of  twenty  min- 
utes in  the  morning  session  of  all  grades,  and  a recess  of 
ten  minutes  in  the  afternoon  session  of  the  first  three 
grades. 

(c)  The  kindergartens  shall  have  one  session  daily, 
from  9 to  11:45.  Kindergarten  rooms  shall  be  open  at 
8:10,  and  a teacher  or  her  assistant  shall  be  present  to 
receive  and  care  for  children. 

The  Committee  may  change  the  above  prescribed 
school  hours  for  any  school,  provided  notice  shall  have 
been  given  of  such  proposed  change  at  a previous 
meeting. 

Nothing  in  this  section  shall  be  construed  to  prevent  a 
teacher  from  the  judicious  exercise  of  the  right  to 
detain  a pupil  a reasonable  time  for  purposes  of  instruc- 
tion or  discipline  after  the  regular  hour  of  dismissing 
school  in  the  afternoon,  nor  the  principals  of  the  schools 
from  requiring  the  attendance  of  individual  pupils  and 
teachers  in  the  afternoon  of  school  days  whenever,  in 
their  judgment  it  may  seem  necessary. 

Section  4-  All  the  school-rooms  shall  be  open,  and  the 
teachers  shall  be  present  at  least  twenty  minutes  before 
the  beginning  of  each  session,  and  no  pupil  shall  be  ad- 
mitted earlier  unless  the  teacher  is  present. 

Section  5.  The  morning  session  in  each  room  shall 
open  with  Scripture  readings  and  the  Lord’s  Prayer. 


28 


Section  6.  In  the  grammar  and  primary  grades,  a 
minimum  of  twenty-five  pupils  and  a maximum  of  forty 
shall  be  considered  a class  of  standard  size.  Pupils 
found  upon  examination  to  be  capable  of  doing  the 
work  of  a class  already  organized  may  be  admitted  to 
school  at  any  time. 

Section  7.  In  the  elementary  schools,  the  following 
time  allotment  for  subjects  shall  be  observed:  (See 

opposite  page) 

CHAPTER  VIII 

Schools — Miscellaneous 

Section  1.  The  books  and  stationery  used,  and  the 
studies  pursued,  shall  be  such,  and  such  only,  as  the 
Committee  authorizes.  No  teacher  shall  require  any 
pupil  to  purchase,  for  use  in  the  schools,  any  book, 
pamphlet,  publication,  or  article  of  stationery. 

Section  2.  Except  by  vote  of  the  Committee  no  solici- 
tations for  subscriptions  or  contributions  shall  be  al- 
lowed in  the  schools;  no  teacher  shall  receive  presents 
from  the  pupils  under  his  or  her  charge;  no  person  shall 
give  any  notice,  by  reading  or  otherwise,  to  the  pupils  of 
any  school,  or  post  upon  the  walls  of  any  school  build- 
ing or  fences  about  the  same,  any  advertisement;  nor 
shall  any  agent  or  other  person  be  permitted  to  enter 
any  school  for  the  purpose  of  exhibiting,  either  to 
teachers  or  pupils,  any  book  or  article  of  merchandise, 
or  for  any  purpose  of  trade  or  business. 


Subject 


MINUTES  PER  WEEK 


Grade 

VIII  VII  VI  V IV  III  II*  I* 

Arithmetic  225  225  225  225  225  225  225  75 

English— Total  420  420  375  405  465  575  670  820 


Grammar  60  60  — — — — — — 

Composition — Oral  and  written..  165  165  150  150  150  180  180  180 

Reading,  Literature  and  Speech 

Work— Total  120  120  150  180  240  320  415  565 

(Speech  Work)  (25  25  25  25  75  75  50  50) 

Spelling  75  75  75  75  75  75  75  75 


Ethics  25  25  25  25  25  25  50  50 

Geography  120  120  120  120  120  75  — — 

History  and  Civics  120  120  120  90  90  60  — — 

Manual  Arts- Total 180  180  150  150  90  90  60  60 


Art  Instruction  60  60  90  90  90  90  60  60 

Domestic  Arts 

Manual  Training 120  120  60  60  — — — — 

Printing 
Woodworking 
Construction  Work 

(Paper,  Cardboard) 


Music  60  60  90  90  90  90  60  60 

Penmanship  — — 75  75  75  75  75  75 

Physical  Training  65  65  65  65  65  65  65  65 

Recess  75  75  75  75  75  105  105  105 

Science  60  60  60  60  60  25  25  25 

Vocational  Guidance  60  60  30  30  30  — — — 


Totals  1410  1410  1410  1410  1410  1410  1335  1335 


• In  grade  I penmanship,  arithmetic,  and  spelling  will  not  be  required  during  the 
fall  term.  The  time  scheduled  for  these  subjects  may  be  used  for  reading,  litera- 
ture, and  language. 

In  the  first  and  sec 


30nd  grades  history  is  Included  In  language  time,  and  civics  In 


29 


Section  3.  Teachers  must  not  be  interrupted  by  any 
one  during  the  school  session  with  any  prolonged  inter- 
view, even  on  matters  relating  to  the  school;  nor  shall 
they  allow  any  suspension  of  their  regular  duties  in  con- 
sequence of  the  visits  of  personal  friends. 

Section  4.  Teachers  shall  require  satisfactory  excuses 
from  parents  or  guardians,  in  person  or  by  written  note, 
in  all  cases  of  absence,  tardiness,  and  dismissal. 

Section  5.  Teachers  shall  not  dismiss  school  before 
the  regular  hour  without  permission  from  the  superin- 
tendent, except  in  cases  of  emergency,  when  they  shall 
make  immediate  report  to  the  superintendent. 

Section  6.  In  case  of  the  absence  or  disability  of  a 
teacher,  he  shall  give  prompt  notice  to  the  principal  or 
to  the  superintendent,  in  order  that  a substitute  may  be 
provided.  Only  substitutes  approved  by  the  superin- 
tendent shall  be  employed. 

Section  7.  The  superintendent  may,  at  his  discretion, 
grant  permission  to  a teacher  to  be  absent  one  day  in 
each  half  year  to  visit  schools  for  improvement  in  pro- 
fessional work. 

Section  8.  Each  teacher  shall  keep  a record  of  all 
cases  of  detention  of  more  than  thirty  minutes,  with  the 
reason  and  length  of  time  for  which  pupils  are  detained, 
to  be  open  at  all  times  to  the  inspection  of  the  superin- 
tendent and  the  School  Committee. 


30 


CHAPTER  IX 

Pupils 

Section  1.  New  classes  will  be  formed  in  the  kinder- 
garten only  at  the  opening  of  the  fall  term,  and  as 
hereinafter  provided.  Pupils  will  be  admitted  to  such 
classes  during  the  first  six  weeks  of  the  fall  term,  pro- 
vided they  reach  the  age  of  four  years  and  six  months 
by  October  first.  Children  reaching  said  age  by  April 
first  following,  may  be  admitted  to  kindergarten  Feb- 
ruary first  if  qualified  to  enter  advantageously  any  class 
already  formed;  or,  if  enough  children  of  such  age  to 
form  a division  apply  at  that  time  for  entrance,  the5^ 
may  be  admitted  and  such  a division  will  be  organized; 
provided,  in  each  case,  that  kindergarten  • accommoda- 
tions are  available.  Notwithstanding  the  foregoing, 
younger  children  may  be  admitted  in  any  particular  year 
upon  special  vote  of  the  School  Committee. 

Section  2.  Pupils  who  have  satisfactorily  completed 
the  kindergarten  course  and  are  qualified  for  promotion, 
may  be  admitted  to  the  first  grade  during  the  first  three 
weeks  of  the  school  year. 

Section  3.  Regardless  of  prior  attendance  in  kinder- 
garten, children  becoming  six  years  of  age  by  the  end 
of  December  following,  if  not  unusually  immature,  may 
be  admitted  to  the  first  grade  during  the  first  three 
weeks  of  the  school  year. 

In  a district  having  no  kindergarten,  duly  mature  and 
qualified  children  may  enter  the  first  grade  during  the 


31 

first  three  weeks  of  the  school  year  if  they  have  then 
reached  the  age  of  five  years. 

In  individual  cases,  entitled  to  special  consideration, 
younger  pupils  may  be  admitted  by  vote  of  the  Commit- 
tee, regardless  of  prior  attendance  in  kindergarten. 

Section  4-  Proof  of  age  must  be  presented  when  re- 
quested by  the  principal. 

Section  5.  All  pupils  in  attendance  upon  the  public 
schools,  except  the  kindergarten  pupils,  shall  be  classi- 
fied in  twelve  grades  according  to  their  qualifications; 
the  first,  second  and  third  grades  constituting  the  pri- 
mary school  section;  the  fourth,fifth,  sixth,  seventh  and 
eighth,  the  grammar  school  section;  and  the  ninth,  tenth, 
eleventh  and  twelfth,  the  high  school  section. 

Section  6.  Teachers  in  all  grades  shall  use  the  follow- 
ing letters  to  indicate  the  standing  of  the  pupils: 

A — Superior  work  ) In  Grades  IX  to  XII  of  a qual- 

B — Good  work  | ity  warranting  certification. 

C — Pair  work,  entitling  the  pupil  to  proceed  in  the 
subject. 

D — Unsatisfactory  work,  entitling  the  pupil  to  one- 
half  credit  in  the  subject,  but  not  allowing  him 
to  proceed  in  it. 

F — Failure. 

Section  7.  To  be  entitled  to  regular  promotion  without 
condition  a pupil  in  the  elementary  schools  must  have 
the  following  standard  as  a minimum: 


32 


(1)  Not  below  C in  any  of  the  following  sub- 
jects: arithmetic,  English,  geography,  and  history. 

Effort  must  be  satisfactory. 

Section  8.  The  determination  of  promotions  in  accord- 
ance with  the  above  standard  shall  be  left  to  the 
teacher,  under  the  direction  of  principal  and  superin- 
tendent. 

Section  9.  Teachers  shall  bring  to  the  especial  atten- 
tion of  the  principal  pupils  who  do  not  fully  meet  the 
above  requirements.  The  superintendent  or  principals, 
under  the  direction  of  the  superintendent,  have  author- 
ity to  make  special,  conditional,  and  individual  promo- 
tions at  any  time. 

Section  10.  All  pupils  completing  the  eighth  grade 
with  rank  for  the  year  in  all  respects  up  to  the  standard 
for  unconditional  promotion  from  grade  to  grade  shall 
receive  diplomas  of  graduation  from  the  grammar  school. 

Satisfactory  work  in  the  Vocational  High  School  for 
a period  not  exceeding  two  years,  shall  be  considered 
equivalent  to  a corresponding  period  of  work  in  a gram- 
mar school,  and  a grammar  school  diploma,  bearing  the 
name  of  the  grammar  school  last  attended  by  the  pupil, 
shall  be  granted  pupils  who  complete  the  grammar  school 
course  by  such  substitution  of  Vocational  School  work. 

All  pupils  receiving  diplomas  as  herein  provided  shall 
also,  for  convenience,  receive  a card  stating  that  they 
are  graduates  of  the  grammar  school  and  are  entitled 
to  admission  to  the  high  schools  without  examination  or 
condition.  This  card  shall  be  signed  by  the  principal  ot 
the  grammar  school  of  which  the  pupil  is  a graduate. 


33 


Section  11.  Certain  pupils  who  have  spent  a year  or 
more  in  the  eighth  grade,  but  whose  standing  is  not 
fully  up  to  the  standard  prescribed  in  Section  7,  may 
be  admitted  to  the  high  school  without  examination. 

For  the  purpose  of  determining  what  pupils  may  be  so 
admitted  a committee  consisting  of  a grammar  principal 
(each  grammar  principal  acting  when  and  only  when 
pupils  of  his  district  are  under  consideration),  the  prin- 
cipals of  the  high  schools,  and  the  superintendent,  shall 
consider  individually  during  the  last  quarter  of  the 
eighth  year,  all  pupils  whose  ranking  falls  below  the 
standard  for  regular  promotion.  This  committee  shall 
decide  each  case  on  its  merits,  the  main  general  consid- 
eration being  the  highest  welfare  of  the  pupil.  This 
committee  shall  also  determine  the  conditions  on  which 
each  such  pupil  may  be  admitted  to  the  high  schools, 
including  the  courses  therein  which  he  may  enter  with- 
out examination,  and  the  number  of  “ periods  ” per 
week,  which  he  may  carry. 

Section  12.  All  pupils  admitted  to  the  high  schools  as 
prescribed  in  Section  11  may  graduate  from  the  grammar 
school  with  their  class,  and  shall  receive  a formal  certifi- 
cate. In  addition,  for  convenience,  these  pupils  shall 
receive  cards,  signed  by  the  grammar  principal,  stating 
the  conditions  on  which  they  are  entitled  to  admission  to 
the  high  school,  as  determined  in  accordance  with 
Section  11. 

Section  IS.  Grammar  school  diplomas  and  certificates 
shall  .be  signed  by  the  member  of  the  Committee  resident 


34 


within  the  ward  in  which  the  school  is  located  and  the 
principal. 

High  school  diplomas  shall  be  signed  by  the  chairman 
of  the  School  Committee  and  the  principal. 

Section  IJf.  Examinations  shall  be  held  by  all  teachers 
in  the  primary,  grammar  and  high  schools,  under  the 
direction  of  the  superintendent,  to  test  the  progress  of 
the  pupils  in  the  studies  previously  pursued;  and  a 
record  thereof  shall  be  kept  to  aid  in  determining  the 
right  to  promotion. 

Section  15.  All  children  over  five  years  of  age,  re- 
siding within  the  city  of  Newton  or  whose  parents  or 
guardians  reside  within  the  city  of  Newton,  may,  if 
qualified,  attend  the  high  school,  or  the  grammar  or 
primary  school,  or  the  kindergarten,  in  the  district  of 
such  residence. 

Each  child  the  legal  residence  of  whose  parents  or 
guardians  is  outside  Massachusetts,  shall  pay  tuition  at 
the  rate  of  $100  per  annum  in  the  Classical  High  School 
and  in  the  Technical  High  School;  $185  per  annum  in 
the  boys'  departments  of  the  Vocational  High  School, 
except  in  the  Agricultural  Department,  $200  per  annum 
in  the  Vocational  High  School,  Agricultural  Department, 
and  in  the  girls'  department  of  this  School,  and  $70  per 
annum  in  the  grammar  and  primary  schools,  and  the 
kindergartens. 

Each  child,  the  legal  residence  of  whose  parents  or 
guardians  is  in  Massachusetts,  but  outside  of  Newton, 
and  who  in  the  opinion  of  the  Newton  School  Committee 


35 


is  residing  in  Newton  for  the  purpose  of  there  attending 
school  in  preference  to  the  place  of  the  legal  residence 
of  the  parents  or  guardians,  shall  pay  tuition  at  the  rate 
of  the  average  expense  of  the  schools — be  it  high,  gram- 
mar or  primary — for  each  pupil  during  the  preceding 
year. 

Tuition  bills,  excepting  those  paid  by  another  city  or 
town,  shall  be  paid  in  advance  and  shall  be  a condition 
precedent  to  . entering  or  continuing  in  school. 

The  School  Committee  may  in  any  particular  cases 
where  they  deem  wise  either  permit  postponement  of  the 
payment  of  tuition,  or  waive  payment  altogether. 

The  superintendent  shall  from  time  to  time  arrange 
with  the  city  treasurer  the  details  for  making,  sending 
and  collecting  the  bills. 

Section  16.  The  rules  of  the  Board  of  Health  of  the 
City  of  Newton  are  to  be  strictly  observed  in  the  public 
schools.  (See  pp.  51-68) 

No  child  shall  be  admitted  as  a pupil  in  any  school 
until  a physician’s  certificate  or  other  satisfactory  evi- 
dence has  been  furnished  the  principal  that  the  child 
has  been  vaccinated,  or  is  not  a fit  subject  for  vaccina- 
tion. 

Section  17.  No  pupil  shall  change  from  any  grade 
in  one  building  to  the  corresponding  grade  in  another 
building  of  the  same  district,  nor  from  a school  in  one 
district  to  that  of  another,  without  permission  of  the 
superintendent. 

Section  18.  Every  pupil  must  come  to  school  cleanly 


36 


in  person  and  dress,  and  with  proper  clothing  and  in 
proper  repair.  In  case  of  neglect  in  this  matter,  it  shall 
be  the  duty  of  the  teacher  to  send  such  pupils  home  to 
be  properly  prepared  for  school. 

Section  19.  Pupils  shall  be  required  to  attend  school 
regularly  and  punctually.  Pupils  not  in  their  seats  at 
the  time  of  opening  shall  be  marked  tardy;  and  any 
pupil  who  is  frequently  tardy  without  adequate  excuse 
shall  be  suitably  warned  and  reported  to  the  parent  or 
guardian,  and  if  the  evil  be  not  corrected,  shall  be  sus- 
pended from  school  until  the  parent  or  guardian  shall 
give  satisfactory  assurance  to  the  superintendent  that 
the  irregularity  shall  be  corrected.  In  every  case  of 
request  for  dismissal  during  school  hours,  the  pupil  shall 
furnish  to  the  teacher,  in  v;=riting  or  otherwise,  a satis- 
factory excuse  from  parent  or  guardian,  except  in  cases 
cf  sickness  or  sudden  emergency. 

Section  20.  Any  pupil  who  shall  be  absent  six  half 
days  in  four  successive  weeks,  without  excuse  from  the 
parent  or  guardian  satisfactory  to  the  teacher,  rendered 
either  in  person  or  by  written  note,  shall  forfeit  his 
seat  in  school.  Pupils  thus  suspended  shall  not  be  re- 
stored to  the  school  until  the  parent  or  guardian  shall 
satisfy  the  superintendent  that  said  pupils  will  be 
punctual  in  the  future,  and  shall  obtain  permission  from 
him  for  their  return.  Provided  always,  that  teachers 
shall  immediately,  in  writing  or  on  forms  provided  there- 
for, inform  the  parent  or  guardian  and  the  superin- 
tendent of  each  suspension  and  the  reason  thereof. 


37 


Section  21.  An  absence  shall  in  all  cases  be  recorded, 
except  where  a pupil’s  membership  is  terminated  by  one 
of  the  following  causes:  death,  permanent  withdrawal 
on  notice,  suspension  or  expulsion,  transfer  to  another 
school,  or  an  absence  of  ten  consecutive  days.  The  names 
of  pupils  who  are  sick  will  remain  on  the  register  for 
ten  days  unless  notice  of  withdrawal  is  received. 

Section  22.  To  insure  proper  handling  and  preserva- 
tion of  books,  a pupil  shall  be  required  to  pay  to  the 
teacher  in  charge  the  value  of  any  book  lost  or  damaged 
beyond  ordinary  wear  while  in  his  possession.  The 
value  of  the  book  shall  be  rated  as  follows:  the  first 

year  of  the  book’s  use,  cost;  the  second  year,  two-thirds 
cost;  the  third  year  and  thereafter,  one-third  cost.  On 
making  such  payment,  the  book  shall  become  the  prop- 
erty of  the  pupil.  No  further  books  of  any  kind  shall 
be  loaned  to  a pupil  who  has  unpaid  charges  against 
him  for  lost  or  damaged  books. 

Principals  and  teachers  shall  inform  pupils  concerning 
the  conditions  on  which  books  are  loaned  to  them;  they 
shall  see  that  every  book  so  loaned  is  stamped  with  the 
year  of  its  first  issue  and  with  a statement  regarding 
the  damages  which  will  be  assessed  if  the  book  is  lost 
or  injured. 

If  in  the  judgment  of  teachers  it  is  necessary  and 
proper  for  pupils  to  study  out  of  school  hours,  they  may 
allow  them  to  take  books  home  for  that  purpose. 

Section  23.  Teachers  shall,  so  far  as  practicable,  exer- 


38 


cise  a general  oversight  of  their  pupils  while  going  to 
and  from  school. 

Section  24-  Pupils  shall  not  be  permitted  to  answer 
the  calls  of  persons  at  the  door,  except  those  of  parents, 
guardians,  or  other  persons  who  may  have  charge  and 
control  of  them.  Messages  approved  by  the  teacher 
may  be  sent  in  to  the  pupil. 

Section  25.  No  pupil  shall  take  part  in  establishing  or 
maintaining,  or  shall  be  a member  of,  or  solicit  mem- 
bership in,  any  secret  club  or  secret  society,  or  any 
chapter  of  a secret  club  or  society,  in  any  way  identified 
with  or  attached  to,  any  school  or  schools. 

CHAPTER  X 

Janitors,  Engineers  and  Firemen 

Section  1.  In  the  performance  of  their  duties,  janitors, 
shall  be  under  control  of  principals,  subject  to  the  gen- 
eral direction  of  the  superintendent  or  assistant  to  the 
superintendent. 

Section  2.  They  shall  do  all  work  that  may  be  neces- 
sary to  keep  the  buildings  and  appurtenances  thereto  in 
a proper  condition  throughout  the  year. 

Section  3.  They  shall  co-operate  with  the  teachers  in 
protecting  the  school  property  from  injury,  and  shall  re- 
port to  the  principal,  to  the  assistant-in-charge,  or  to 
the  superintendent  the  name  of  any  person  defacing  or 
destroying  the  school  building,  furniture,  or  other  school 
property. 


39 


Section  4.  They  shall  report  to  the  principal  of  the 
district  any  repairs  that  may  be  needed,  hut  shall  have 
no  authority  to  order  any  repairs  to  be  made,  or  to 
contract  any  bills. 

Section  5.  They  shall  attend  to  oflacial  errands  for  the 
principal,  the  assistant-in-charge,  or  the  superintendent, 
and  shall  perform  such  other  duties  as  may  be  required 
of  them. 

Section  6.  They  shall  be  at  the  building  under  their 
charge  one  hour  at  least  before  each  session,  and  shall 
not  leave  the  school  premises  during  school  hours,  nor 
when  the  building  is  occupied  during  the  evening  with- 
out the  permission  of  the  principal  or  superintendent. 

Section  7.  Janitors,  engineers  and  firemen  shall  per- 
form or  cause  to  be  performed  all  work  necessary  for  the 
proper  care  of  the  building,  buildings  or  parts  of  the 
buildings  entrusted  to  them  to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
principal  in  charge  of  such  building,  buildings  or  parts 
of  buildings. 

They  shall,  at  their  own  expense,  subject  to  the  ap- 
proval of  such  principal,  employ  such  assistants  as  may 
be  necessary  to  do  such  work. 

They,  for  themselves  and  their  assistants,  shall  obey 
all  laws  of  the  Commonwealth  including  those  regu- 
lating the  hours  of  labor. 

Section  8.  The  salaries  of  janitors,  engineers  and 
firemen  shall  be  fixed  by  the  Committee  from  time  to 
time. 


40 


Janitors,  engineers  and  firemen  are  entitled  to  the 
benefits  provided  for  other  employees  in  case  of  neces- 
sary absence.  (See  Chapter  V,  Section  7,  p 19.) 

CHAPTER  XI 
Attendance  Officers 

Section  1.  The  attendance  officers  shall  be  under  the 
control  and  direction  of  the  superintendent,  and  shall 
report  for  service  at  such  times  and  places  as  he  may 
designate. 

Section  2.  They  shall  co-operate  with  the  teachers 
and  superintendent  to  secure  the  regular  attendance  at 
the  school  of  all  children  of  school  age  not  otherwise 
under  instruction. 

Section  S.  They  shall  diligently  seek  out  truknts  and 
absentees  who  have  been  reported  to  them,  and  shall 
prosecute  such  cases  as  the  School  Committee  may  direct. 

Section  Jf.  They  shall,  when  required,  make  the  super- 
intendent detailed  reports  of  their  doings  upon  blanks 
furnished  for  the  purpose,  which  report  shall  be  sub- 
mitted to  the  Committee. 

CHAPTER  XII 
Appeals 

Appeals  may,  in  all  cases  arising  under  these  rules 
or  under  any  orders  of  the  Committee,  be  taken  from 
the  decision  of  the  teacher  to  the  principal,  from  that  of 


41 


the  principal  to  the  superintendent,  and  from  that  of 
the  superintendent  to  the  Committee,  and  the  decision 
of  the  majority  of  the  Committee  shall  be  final.  The 
person  so  appealing  to  the  Committee  shall  state  in 
writing  his  grievance  and  the  relief  desired. 


CHAPTER  XIII 

Vocational  High  School 

Section  1.  The  Newton  Vocational  School  is  organized 
as  an  industrial  school  under  Chapter  471  of  the  Acts  of 
1911,  Massachusetts,  and  acts  amendatory  and  additional 
thereto,  the  School  Committee  of  Newton  being  the 
“ Board  of  Trustees  for  Vocational  Education  ” by  which 
it  is  governed,  subject  to  supervision  by  the  State 
Board  of  Education.  It  is  also  subject  to  supervision  by 
United  States  officials  by  reason  of  its  being  a recipient 
of  “ Smith-Hughes  money  ” benefits  under  the  Fed- 
eral Smith-Hughes  Law,  Public  No.  347,  64th  Congress, 
Senate  Bill  703,  approved  February  23,  1917,  and  acts 
amendatory  and  additional  thereto.  Unless  inconsistent 
with  law  or  the  rules  laid  down  thereunder,  the  fore- 
going Rules  of  the  School  Committee  shall  so  far  as  ap- 
plicable govern  the  Board  of  Trustees  and  the  Voca- 
tional School.  All  sessions  of  the  School  Committee 
shall  be  deemed  to  be  sessions  of  the  Board  of  Trustees, 
without  specific  mention,  and  all  general  orders  made  or 
action  taken  at  such  sessions  shall  be  deemed  to  apply 


42 


to  the  Vocational  School  so  far  as  applicable,  unless  a 
different  purpose  or  rule  appears. 

Section  2.  The  superintendent  of  schools  shall  have 
the  same  relation  to  and  supervision  of  this  School  as 
of  other  schools. 

Section  3.  The  principal  of  this  School  shall  be  its 
director  and  the  executive  officer  for  its  administration, 
and  may  at  any  time  make  such  recommendations  to  the 
superintendent  and  the  Board  as  he  thinks  necessary  or 
proper  for  the  best  interests  of  vocational  education.  It 
shall  be  his  duty  to  carry  out  the  policies  of  the  Board 
for  the  conduct  of  this  School  and  to  perform  such  other 
duties  as  the  superintendent  may  direct. 

Section  4.  a.  Teachers  elected  to  this  School  shall  be 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  State  Board  of  Education. 
Upon  recommendation  of  the  superintendent,  teachers 
may  be  placed  on  a permanent  list  to  serve  during  the 
pleasure  of  the  trustees.  When  so  placed,  they  shall  not 
be  discharged  from  the  service  except  for  cause;  but  the 
Board  of  Trustees  shall  be  the  sole  judge  of  the  nature 
and  sufficiency  of  the  cause  and  of  the  facts  which  make 
it  desirable  to  dispense  with  the  teacher’s  services. 

b.  When  the  superintendent  or  any  trustee  believes 
that  the  continued  service  of  a teacher  on  the  permanent 
list  is  no  longer  desirable,  he  shall  give  such  teacher 
thirty  days  written  notice  of  his  intention  to  recommend 
dismissal  by  the  Board;  and  the  teacher  shall  have  a 
right  to  be  heard  by  the  Board  of  Trustees  in  opposition 
to  the  recommendation;  except  that  when  it  appears 


43 


necessary  or  desirable  to  curtail  the  activities  of  the 
School  by  discontinuing  a department,  in  whole  or  in 
part,  the  services  of  any  teacher  in  such  department  may 
be  dispensed  with  on  reasonable  notice  of  the  proposed 
change  without  hearing. 

c.  Assistants,  part-time  teachers  and  specialists  shall 
be  employed  for  the  time  actually  required  and  shall 
receive  compensation  only  for  the  time  when  actual  serv- 
ice is  rendered. 

d.  Teachers  shall  do  such  professional  improvement 
work  as  will  enable  the  School  to  maintain  the  highest 
possible  standard  of  excellence  and  to  meet  the  continued 
approval  of  the  State  Board  of  Education.  This  profes- 
sional improvement  must  meet  the  approval  of  the 
superintendent  and  director,  and  may  take  the  form  of: 

1.  Formal  courses  either  approved  or  given  by  the 
State  Board  of  Education. 

2.  Such  summer  and  other  work  as  teachers  may  do 
to  maintain  their  industrial  and  technical  knowl- 
edge. 

3.  Such  special  pieces  of  educational  work  as  the 
preparation  of  articles,  outlines,  courses  of  study 
over  and  above  that  which  may  be  necessary  for 
the  operation  of  the  School. 

e.  Teachers  may  at  any  time,  and  shall  when  re- 
quested, submit  in  writing  their  suggestions  or  plans  for 
the  organization  and  conduct  of  their  work;  their  plans 
for  professional  improvement;  or  other  work  necessary 


44 


to  meet  the  requirements  of  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion or  considered  by  the  superintendent  and  director  as 
necessary  to  maintain  the  proper  standard  of  the  School. 

f.  Teachers  may  be  required  to  do  such  necessary  vaca- 
tion work  as  cannot  be  done  without  disadvanrtage  to  the 
School  when  school  is  actually  in  session,  but  which  is 
necessary  to  maintain  the  school  standard  or  to  meet 
with  the  continued  approval  of  the  State  Board  of  Edu- 
cation. 

CHAPTER  XIV 

Use  of  School  Buildings 

Permits 

Section  1.  Permission  to  use  accommodations  in 
school  buildings,  for  other  than  the  regular  work  of  the 
school,  may  be  granted  in  behalf  of  the  School  Commit- 
tee by  the  local  member  of  the  School  Committee  with 
the  superintendent  of  schools. 

Section  2.  Permits  for  the  use  of  school  buildings  will 
not  be  granted  for  sectarian  purposes. 

Section  S.  Permits  for  public  or  private  dances,  par- 
ties or  entertainments  will  not  be  granted  to  individuals 
or  associations,  unless  the  proceeds  of  the  same  are  ex- 
clusively for  the  benefit  of  an  approved  public  charity 
or  general  welfare  work. 

Section  J^.  Permits  are  not  required  for  the  use  of 
accommodations  in  school  buildings  for  activities  closely 
related  to  and  essentially  extensions  of  the  regular  work 


45 


of  the  school  which  are  approved  by  the  principal  of  the 
school,  who  shall  assume  full  responsibility  therefor; 
provided,  that  such  occupancy  shall  terminate  within  one 
hour  of  the  close  of  the  regular  school  session,  or,  in  the 
case  of  class  or  similar  rooms,  not  later  than  5.30  P.  M.; 
and  provided,  further,  that  such  use  shall  not  impose 
extra  service  upon  the  janitor. 

Section  5.  No  permits  shall  be  granted  to  occupy^ 
school  buildings  on  Saturday  evenings,  on  Sundays,  or 
on  legal  holidays,  except  by  vote  of  the  School  Commit- 
tee in  each  particular  case. 

Order 

Section  6.  At  all  meetings  of  whatsoever  character 
attended  exclusively  or  in  part  by  pupils  of  the  schools 
under  jurisdiction  of  the  Committee,  a teacher  detailed 
by  the  principal  of  the  school  or  district  shall  be  in  at- 
tendance and  be  responsible  for  the  preservation  of  good 
order,  and  shall  remain  in  charge  until  all  the  pupils 
shall  have  left  the  building. 

Section  7.  A permit  from  the  School  Department  to 
use  a school  building  will  not  relieve  the  party  applying 
for  the  permit  from  the  obligation  of  obtaining  the  neces- 
sary police  license,  local  or  State,  nor  from  the  condi- 
tions of  the  war  tax. 

Section  8.  In  every  case  when  a school  building  shall 
be  occupied  in  whole  or  in  part,  outside  of  school  hours, 
sufficient  police  attendance  must  be  provided  by  the 


46 


person  to  whom  the  use  of  such  accommodations  is 
granted. 

Section  9.  Smoking  on  school  premises  is  forbidden. 

Charges 

Section  10.  Unless  otherwise  voted  or  herein  noted, 
charges  fixed  by  the  School  Committee  for  use  of  accom- 
modations and  janitor  service  will  be  collected,  as 
follows: 

Elementary  school  halls — $6.00  per  evening,  plus  $3.00 
for  services  of  janitor 

Newton  High  School  | $10.00  plus  $3.00  for  each  engi- 
Technical  High  School  j neer,  fireman  and  janitor  needed 
Gymnasium — Without  heat — $1.50  plus  $3.00  for  services 
of  janitor 

— ^With  heat — $6.00  plus  $3.00  for  each  en- 
gineer, fireman  and  janitor  needed 

The  understanding  is  that  the  above  terms  are  for 
evening  use,  and  that  they  may  be  modified  for  daylight 
use. 

The  City  charge  for  the  use  of  accommodations  is  in- 
tended to  cover  the  actual  average  cost  to  the  City  for 
light  and  heat. 

The  charge  for  janitor  service  is  to  compensate  jani- 
tors for  extra  service  required  of  them  and  not  included 
in  the  regulations  prescribing  their  duties,  in  accordance 
with  which  their  regular  compensation  is  determined. 

Section  11.  When  school  premises  are  used  for  in- 


47 


\ 

struction  of  pupils  or  classes  under  jurisdiction  of  the 
Committee,  outside  of  regular  school  hours,  there  will 
be  no  charge  for  light,  heat  or  janitor  service,  and  the 
janitor  shall  not  be  allowed  any  compensation  on  account 
of  such  occupancy. 

Section  12.  When  school  premises  are  used  for  meet- 
ings of  teachers,  pupils,  or  other  persons  connected  with 
or  in  the  interests  of  the  public  or  vocational  schools*, 
school  publications,  or  school  activities  generally,  held 
on  regular  school  days,  there  will  be  no  charge  for 
light,  heat  or  janitor  service,  and  the  janitor  shall  not 
be  allowed  any  compensation  on  account  of  such  occu- 
pancy, except  that  when  such  meetings  are  held  in  the 
evening,  or  not  on  a regular  school  day,  there  will  be 
the  regular  charge  for  janitor  service. 

Section  IS.  When  school  premises  are  used  for  meet- 
ings of  parents  or  parents’  associations  held  by  or  with 
the  co-operation  of  principals  of  schools  or  districts, 
there  shall  be  no  charge  for  light  and  heat.  There  will 
be  a charge  for  whatever  extra  janitor  service  is  needed. 

Section  I4.  Charges  may  be  abated  when,  in  the  judg- 
ment of  the  Committee  or  of  those  granting  the  permit 
for  the  use  of  school  premises,  the  purpose  is  of  such 
public  interest  and  charitable  intent  as  to  warrant  such 
abatement.  In  such  cases,  the  expense  of  the  necessary 
janitor  service  may  be  borne  by  the  City. 


SCHOOL  INSPECTION 
CITY  OF  NEWTON 


INSTRUCTIONS  AND  RULES 

FOR 


PHYSICIANS.  NURSES,  DENTISTS 
AND  TEACHERS 


Adopted  by 

THE  SCHOOL  COMMITTEE  AND  THE 
BOARD  OF  HEALTH 


1920 


51 


School  Inspection 

The  medical  inspection  of  schools  shall  he  done, 
under  the  direction  of  the  Board  of  Health,  by  the  school 
physicians,  dentists,  nurses  and  teachers. 

The  school  physicians,  dentists  and  nurses  shall  be 
directly  responsible  to  and  under  the  orders  of  the  Board 
of  Health,  but  the  teachers  only  in  so  far  as  is  set  down 
in  this  manual. 

The  school  physicians  and  nurses  are  hereby  appointed 
agents  of  the  Board  of  Health  for  the  purpose  of  en- 
forcing the  Rules  and  Regulations  set  forth  in  this 
manual. 

The  school  physicians  shall  be  assigned  to  certain 
schools  and  each  physician  shall  be  directly  responsible 
to  the  Board  of  Health  for  the  work  in  the  schools  to 
which  he  is  assigned. 

The  school  nurses  shall  be  assigned  to  certain  schools 
in  such  manner,  that,  if  possible,  each  nurse  shall  have 
not  more  than  2000  children  under  her  supervision,  but 
two  nurses  shall  not  be  assigned  to  the  same  school. 
Each  nurse  shall  be  under  the  direction  of  the  physician 
in  charge  of  her  schools. 

CHAPTER  I 
School  Physicians 

1.  Each  physician  shall  visit  the  schools  in  his  dis- 
trict daily,  making  his  visit  before  10.00  A.  M.,  if  pos- 
sible. 


52 


In  cases  where  it  is  impossible  to  reach  a school  be^ 
fore  10.00  A.  M.  the  physician  shall  communicate  with 
the  principal  by  telephone  and  learn  if  any  children 
are  awaiting  his  visit.  If  any  such  are  waiting  he  shall 
give  such  orders  as  to  their  disposition  as  he  may  think 
best.  This  is  very  important  in  order  that  children  ma> 
not  be  kept  waiting  unnecessarily. 

2.  The  routine  inspection  shall  consist  of  the  exami- 
nation of  such  children  as  may  be  referred  to  the  physi- 
cian by  the  teachers  or  school  nurse:  of  all  those  return- 
ing after  an  absence  of  more  than  24  hours,  due  to  un- 
known cause:  of  such  as  present  themselves  for  readmis- 
sion after  exclusion  by  the  physician  for  causes  referred 
to  later  and  of  such  others  as  appear  to  need  inspection. 

3.  On  the  re-opening  of  the  schools  after  any  recess 
lasting  more  than  four  days  the  physician  shall,  when 
called  upon  by  the  Board  of  Health  to  do  so,  examine  all 
the  children  in  his  schools,  finishing  his  inspection  as 
soon  after  the  re-opening  of  the  schools  as  possible. 

4.  In  the  event  of  the  discovery  of  a case  of  small 
pox  the  physician  shall  immediately  report  to  the  office  of 
the  Board  of  Health  by  telephone.  Pending  the  arrival 
of  an  official  from  the  Board,  the  physician  shall  take 
such  steps  in  regard  to  isolating  the  case  at  the  school 
as  he  may  think  proper,  taking  care  to  cause  as  little 
excitement  as  possible  among  the  other  pupils. 

5.  Children  showing  symptoms  of  anterior  poliomye- 
litis, chicken  pox,  diphtheria,  German  measles,  measles, 
mumps,  scarlet  fever,  whooping  cough  or  of  any  acute 


53 


• catarrhal  affection  of  the  eyes,  nose  or  throat  shall  be 
immediately  sent  home  from  school  and  the  Board  of 
Health  notified.  (Blank,  P.  1.) 

In  cases  of  anterior  poliomyelitis,  diphtheria,  measles, 
mumps,  scarlet  fever  or  whooping  cough,  other  children 
belonging  to  the  same  family  must  also  be  sent  home. 
In  other  diseases  only  the  patient  need  be  excluded. 

In  cases  of  tuberculosis,  the  physician  shall  notify  the 
Board  of  Health  but  need  not  exclude  the  child,  unless 
in  his  opinion  the  safety  of  the  other  pupils  requires  it. 

6.  Children  with  impetigo  contagiosa,  scabies,  ring- 
worm or  pediculosis  should  be  referred  to  the  school 
nurse.  (Blank  P.  3.) 

Children  with  these  diseases  may  be  allowed  to  remain 
in  school  at  the  discretion  of  the  physician,  when  it 
shall  appear  that  they  are  under  treatment  and  are  not 
liable  to  transmit  infection  to  the  other  children. 

7.  Children  who  are  members  of  or  living  with  a 
family  in  which  there  is  a person  ill  with  anterior  polio- 
myelitis, diphtheria,  measles,  mumps,  scarlet  fever,  small 
pox  or  whooping  cough  shall  not  be  permitted  to  remain 
in  school  during  the  continuance  of  the  disease  and  for 
the  appropriate  period  of  incubation  after  the  death,  re- 
moval or  recovery  of  the  last  case,  except  as  hereafter 
provided,  and  physicians,  when  notified  of  the  occurrence 
of  these  diseases  in  any  family  in  their  districts  shall 
inquire  at  their  next  visit  whether  any  children  who  are 
members  of  or  living  with  such  family  are  present  in 
the  school.  If  any  such  are  present  they  must  be  sent 


54 

home  at  once  and  the  principal  of  the  school  notified. 

Children  who  are  members  of  or  living  with  a family 
in  which  there  is  a person  ill  with  measles,  mumps  or 
whooping  cough  can  obtain  from  the  Board  of  Health  a 
permit  allowing  them  to  continue  at  school,  if  they 
present  satisfactory  evidence  that  they  have  had  the  dis- 
ease in  question. 

8.  Physicians  may  be  called  upon  by  the  Board  of 
Health  to  make  a daily  inspection  of  all  children  in  any 
room  or  school  in  their  districts  when  the  interests  of 
the  public  health  demand. 

When  this  is  ordered  it  shall  take  precedence  over 
other  school  work. 

9.  Children  who  are  ill  with  a non-communicable 
disease  or  who  are  found  to  have  some  physical  defect 
requiring  treatment  shall  be  furnished  with  the  proper 
blank  advising  reference  to  the  family  physician. 
(Blank  P.  2.) 

These  children  shall  be  sent  home  if,  in  the  opinion  ot 
the  physician,  their  continuance  in  the  school  is  detri- 
mental to  themselves  or  the  other  children.  In  such 
event  they  shall  be  reported  by  the  physician  to  the 
principal  for  exclusion. 

In  any  case  the  physician  shall  furnish  the  nurse  with 
a duplicate  blank  stating  what,  in  his  opinion,  is  the' 
diagnosis.  (Blank  P.  3.) 

10.  Children  with  chorea,  or  other  nervous  diseases 
shall  be  reported  to  the  principal  for  exclusion  from 


school,  if  it  appears  that  their  presence  is  detrimental  to 
the  welfare  of  the  other  pupils. 

Mental  defectives,  perverts  and  all  children  whose  pres- 
ence in  the  school  is  detrimental  to  the  welfare  of  the 
other  pupils  shall  be  reported  to  the  Board  of  Health  for 
reference  to  the  School  Committee. 

11.  In  case  a physician  shall  consider  it  necessary  to 
make  a careful  physical  examination  of  any  child,  he 
shall  notify  the  Board  of  Health,  giving  the  name,  home 
address  and  school  which  the  child  attends,  together  with 
the  date  and  hour  of  the  proposed  examination.  This 
notice  must  reach  the  Board  of  Health  at  least  ten  days 
previous  to  the  date  of  the  proposed  examination.  The 
examination  shall  not  be  made  until  the  physician  has 
heard  from  the  Board  of  Health,  approving  of  his  action. 

12.  The  physician  may  be  called  upon  to  make  a 
physical  examination  of  any  or  all  children  in  his 
schools,  at  least  once  a year  and  report,  what,  if  any, 
defects  are  found  which  in  his  opinion  require  treatment. 

No  examination  of  a female  child  over  twelve  years 
of  age  shall  be  made  except  in  the  presence  of  a school 
nurse. 

13.  When  it  is  necessary  to  send  a child  from  school 
for  any  reason,  the  physicians  shall  make  out  the 
proper  blanks  and  give  one  to  the  principal  for  purposes 
of  record.  A blank  shall  also  be  given  to  the  child  for 
transmission  to  his  parent  or  guardian. 

14.  Physicians  shall  examine  all  children  returning 
to  school  after  an  absence  of  24  hours  or  more,  due  to 


56 


sickness  or  any  unknown  cause,  and  such  children  shall 
not  be  readmitted  to  the  school  until  the  physician  has 
satisfied  himself  of  the  cause  of  the  absence  and  that 
it  is  safe  for  the  child  to  return. 

Physicians  shall  also  find  if  any  other  members  of  the 
family  are  ill  and,  if  possible,  the  cause  of  the  illness. 
If  the  illness  is  due  to  a communicable  disease  the  child 
shall  be  sent  home  and  the  facts  reported  to  the  Board 
of  Health. 

Children  who  have  been  ill  with  anterior  poliomyelitis, 
diphtheria,  measles,  mumps,  scarlet  fever,  small  pox  or 
whooping  cough  or  who  are  members  of  or  living  with 
a family  in  which  there  is  or  recently  has  been  a person 
ill  with  any  of  the  above  diseases,  shall  not  he  read- 
mitted to  school  except  upon  presentation  of  a permit 
from  the  Board  of  Health. 

Children  who  present  themselves  for  readmission  as 
above,  without  the  required  permit  from  the  Board  of 
Health  shall  be  immediately  sent  home. 

Physicians  shall  report  immediately  to  the  Board  of 
Health  any  instances  of  violation  of  the  above  require- 
ments of  which  they  become  cognizant. 

15.  Vaccination  certificates  may  be  issued  by  the  phy- 
sician when  he  is  satisfied,  from  inspection,  that  a suc- 
cessful vaccination  has  been  performed. 

In  cases  of  repeated  unsuccessful  vaccination  the  physi- 
cian should  request  permission  from  the  parent  or 
guardian  to  perform  vaccination  upon  the  child.  If  the 
operation  is  unsuccessful  he  may  grant  a provisional 
permit  to  attend  school.  (Blank  P.  4.) 


57 


^ The  physician  may,  at  his  discretion,  grant  a provi- 

sional permit  to  attend  school  in  cases  of  repeated  un- 
* successful  vaccination  when  he  is  satisfied  that  the  vac- 
cinations were  performed  in  bona  fide.  Provisional 
permits  may  be  revoked  at  any  time  by  the  Board  of 
Health.  (Blank  P.  4.) 

Certificates  of  unfitness  for  vaccination  shall  be  valid 
only  during  the  school  year  in  which  they  are  issued. 
Children  who  fail  to  file  a certificate  of  unfitness  for 
vaccination  within  a reasonable  time  after  the  re-opening 
of  the  schools  shall  be  reported  by  the  school  physician 
to  the  Board  of  Health  for  reference  to  the  School  Com- 
mittee, for  exclusion. 

, 16.  Physicians  shall,  when  requested  by  the  nurse, 

examine  children  who  are  to  be  referred  to  the  dentist 
for  any  operation  requiring  the  administration  of  an 
anesthetic,  general  or  local,  and  report  whether  or  not, 
in  his  opinion,  such  administration  is  safe.  Physicians 
shall  make  a record  of  such  examinations  and  give  a 
copy  thereof  to  the  nurse  for  presentation  to  dentist. 
(Blank  P.  5.) 

A certificate  from  the  family  physician  will  be  accepted 
in  lieu  of  one  from  the  school  physician. 

17.  Physicians  may  be  called  upon  by  the  Board  of 
Health  to  visit  the  homes  of  any  children  belonging  to 
the  schools  to  which  they  have  been  assigned,  who  have 
been  absent  more  than  three  school  days  without  known 
cause,  and  report  upon  their  condition. 

18.  Physicians  may  be  called  upon  by  the  Board  of 


58 


Health  to  visit  and  report  upon  the  condition  of  any 
child  in  their  schools,  who  has  been  sent  home  under 
suspicion  of  communicable  disease. 

19.  Physicians  shall,  from  time  to  time,  examine  the 
ventilation,  heating  and  lighting  of  the  rooms  in  their 
schools  and  report  to  the  Board  of  Health  for  reference 
to  the  School  Committee,  any  conditions  which,  in  their 
opinion,  may  require  correction. 

Physicians  shall  inspect  the  toilet  rooms  in  their 
schools  at  least  once  a month  and  report  to  the  Board 
of  Health  any  conditions  which  in  their  opinion  require 
correction. 

Physicians  may  be  called  upon  by  the  Board  of  Health 
to  make  a special  report  upon  any  matters  connected 
with  their  schools,  when  the  interests  of  public  health 
may  require. 

20.  Physicians  shall  keep  a record  of  their  work 
and  shall  send  to  the  Board  of  Health  on  or  before  the 
5th  day  of  each  month,  on  blanks  furnished  for  the  pur- 
pose, a report  of  the  work  of  the  previous  month. 

CHAPTER  II 

Dentists 

1.  The  school  dentists  shall  have  charge  of  the  dental 
work  in  the  schools  and  their  decision  shall  be  final  as 
to  dental  matters,  subject  only  to  review  by  the  Board 
of  Health. 

They  shall  examine  such  children  as  may  be  referred 


to  them  by  the  school  nurses  and  do  such  work,  as  in 
their  opinian,  may  be  necessary. 

In  case  a parent  or  guardian  questions  the  necessity 
of  any  operation  or  work  proposed  by  the  dentists,  the 
facts  shall  be  reported  to  the  Board  of  Health,  and  the 
work  postponed  until  the  permission  of  the  parent  or 
guardian  has  been  obtained. 

The  school  dentists  shall  arrange  with  the  school 
nurses  as  to  the  number  of  children  to  be  referred  to 
them  each  day. 

2.  Before  using  an  anesthetic,  general  or  local,  den- 
tists shall  satisfy  themselves  that  the  signed  permission 
of  the  parent  or  guardian  has  been  obtained  and  that  the 
child  has  been  examined  and  passed  by  the  school  physi- 
cian. (Blanks  P.  5,  N.  3.)  Until  this  has  been  done  no 
anesthetic  shall  be  used. 

At  the  end  of  each  day’s  work  the  blanks  shall  be  re- 
turned to  the  nurse. 

The  dentists  shall  keep  records  of  all  cases  in  which 
an  anesthetic  has  been  used,  showing  the  name,  age 
and  address  of  the  patient,  the  kind  of  anesthetic  and 
the  amount  used  and  the  purpose  for  which  it  was 
administered. 

3.  Dentists  shall  keep  records  of  the  work  done  and, 
on  or  before  the  5th  day  of  each  month,  shall  send,  on 
blanks  provided  for  the  purpose,  a report  of  the  previous 
month  to  the  State  Department  of  Public  Health  and  to 
the  Board  of  Health. 


60 

CHAPTER  III 
Nurses 

1.  School  nurses  shall  so  arrange  their  work  as  to 
visit  each  school  in  their  districts  at  least  once  a week. 

They  shall  begin  their  work  as  soon  as  possible  after 
the  school  sessions  open,  examining  such  children  as  are 
referred  to  them  by  the  teachers  and  deciding  which 
ones  shall  see  the  physician  when  he  arrives,  and  which 
shall  return  to  the  class  room. 

The  routine  work  shall  consist  of  the  following:  exami- 
nation of  children  who  have  been  referred  to  them  by  the 
school  physicians,  for  pediculosis,  impetigo,  or  any  other 
reason;  the  general  inspection  of  the  children  in  their 
schools  with  a view  of  discovering  defects  which  may 
need  the  attention  of  the  physicians:  attention  to  the 
general  personal  cleanliness  of  the  children,  and  attend- 
ing to  such  minor  injuries  as  are  classed  under  the  head- 
ing of  “ first  aid.’' 

2.  In  cases  where  a child  is  taken  ill  in  school  after 
the  physician  has  made  his  visit,  the  nurse  shall  use 
her  discretion  as  to  the  disposition  of  the  case.  (Blank 
N.  1.) 

If  in  her  opinion  the  child  should  be  sent  home  for 
reasons  other  than  a communicable  disease  she  may  so 
advise,  but  no  such  child  shall  be  sent  home  until  the 
nurse  has  consulted  with  the  principal  and  obtained  his 
sanction.  In  case  the  child  is  sent  home  she  shall  fill 
out  a blank  to  be  given  to  the  physician  at  his  next 


visit,  stating  the  facts  in  regard  to  the  case,  and  also 
give  a copy  to  the  principal.  (Blank  N.  2.) 

Children  who  seem  ill  with  a communicable  disease 
shall  be  sent  home  by  the  nurse,  who  shall  report  her 
action  to  the  Board  of  Health  immediately.  She  shall 
also  give  a blank  to  the  principal.  (Blank  N.  2.) 

3.  Children  with  pediculosis,  nits,  impetigo  and  ring- 
worm shall  be  given  instruction  as  to  the  proper 
treatment  and  shall  be  sent  home  to  report  later  for 
inspection  by  the  nurse. 

Cases  in  which  the  parents  neglect  or  refuse  to  follow 
out  the  treatment  or  in  which  they  allow  their  children 
to  remain  out  of  school  indefinitely  shall  be  reported  by 
the  nurse  to  the  Board  of  Health  for  reference  to  the 
School  Committee  for  action  under  Sect.  2,  Chap.  81  of 
the  Acts  of  1915,  and  amendments  thereof. 

When  parents  question  the  decision  of  the  nurse  as  to 
the  condition  of  a child’s  head,  the  case  shall  be  re- 
ferred to  the  school  physician  for  examination.  If  the 
parent  is  dissatisfied  with  the  decision  of  the  physician, 
the  case  shall  be  referred  to  the  Board  of  Health. 

4.  When  a child  has  been  excluded  by  the  physician 
on  account  of  scabies,  the  nurse  shall  visit  the  house  as 
soon  as  possible  and  explain  the  treatment.  She  shall 
find  out,  if  possible,  what  other  members  of  the  family 
are  infected  and  urge  consultation  with  the  family  phy- 
sician. 

In  cases  in  which  her  advice  is  neglected  or  there 
is  no  family  physician  she  shall  report  the  facts  to  the 
Board  of  Health. 


62 


5.  Nurses  shall  so  arrange  their  work  as  to  give 
one  day  a week  to  the  dental  clinic. 

When  it  is  necessary  to  use  an  anesthetic,  general  or 
local,  the  nurse  shall  obtain  the  signed  consent  of  the 
patient’s  parent  or  guardian  to  such  use,  before  taking 
the  child  to  the  clinic.  She  shall  also  refer  the  child 
to  the  school  physician  and  obtain  from  him  a signed 
statement  as  to  the  child’s  fitness.  (Blanks  N.  3 & 
P.  5.) 

The  nurse  shall  show  both  of  these  signed  blanks  to 
the  dentist  before  the  administration  of  the  anesthetic. 

At  the  end  of  each  day’s  work,  the  nurse  shall  forward 
the  used  blanks  to  the  Board  of  Health. 

6.  The  nurse  shall  make  her  examinations  of  the 
children  in  some  place  apart  from  the  class  room. 

7.  The  nurse  shall  visit  the  homes  of  such  children 
as  have  been  found  defective  or  ill  and  sent  home  by 
the  school  physicians  and  explain  to  the  parent  or 
guardian  the  necessity  of  having  the  child  treated  either 
by  the  family  physician  or  at  a hospital. 

If  the  case  is  one  which,  in  her  opinion,  can  best  be 
treated  at  a hospital  she  shall  urge  that  such  treatment 
be  carried  out  after  the  consent  of  the  family  physician 
has  been  obtained  by  the  parent  or  guardian.  If  there 
is  no  family  physician  or  if  the  parent  or  guardian  is 
unable  to  take  the  child  to  a hospital,  the  nurse  shall 
arrange  to  take  him  herself,  having  first  obtained  the 
signed  consent  of  the  parent  or  guardian.  (Blank  N.  4.) 

8.  If,  in  her  home  visits,  the  nurse  finds  that  a 


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member  of  the  family  is  ill  with  a communicable  disease 
or  suspected  communicable  disease,  she  shall  inquire  if 
i there  is  a physician  in  attendance,  and  shall  report  the 
^ facts  to  the  Board  of  Health. 

9.  The  nurse  shall  report  to  the  Board  of  Health  any 
conditions  that  she  may  observe  in  her  schools  or  in  her 
home  visits  which,  in  her  opinion  require  investigation. 

Nurses  shall  keep  a record  of  their  work  and  on  or 
before  the  5th  day  of  each  month  shall  send  to  the  Board 
of  Health  on  blanks  provided  for  the  purpose,  a report 
of  the  work  of  the  previous  month. 


CHAPTER  IV 
Teachers 

1.  The  teachers  shall  refer  to  the  physician  or  nurse 
all  children  who  seem  to  require  examination.  These 
> children  may  be  divided  into  two  groups. 

First  group:  All  children  who  are  acutely  ill  or  show 
any  or  all  of  the  following  symptoms:  flushed  face; 

eruptions  of  any  sort;  sore  throat;  persistent  or  parox- 
ysmal cough;  vomiting;  irritating  nasal  discharges;  red, 
inflamed  or  running  eyes. 

These  children  must  be  referred  at  once  and  if  the 
physicians  or  nurses  have  made  their  visits,  the  princi- 
pal may  use  his  discretion  in  regard  to  sending  them 
home.  In  cases  in  which  the  child  is  sent  home,  the 
principal  shall  notify  the  Board  of  Health  for  investiga- 


64 


tion  and  such  children  shall  not  he  readmitted  except 
with  a permit  from  the  Board  of  Health. 

Second  group:  Children,  who  because  of  some  chronic 
illness  or  physical  defect,  are  prevented  from  obtaining 
full  benefit  of  their  studies;  children  who  seem  stupid 
or  backward ; children  whose  general  appearance  or  con- 
duct is  detrimental  to  the  others  in  the  class  room. 

Children  showing  any  or  all  of  the  following  symp- 
toms should  be  included  in  this  group:  emaciation; 

pallor;  puffiness  of  the  face  or  eyes;  shortness  of  breath; 
general  lassitude;  squinting  when  looking  at  the  black- 
boards; holding  the  book  too  near  the  eyes  or  stooping 
too  close  to  the  desk;  dullness;  frequent  requests  to 
go  out. 

These  children  should  be  referred  to  the  physicians 
as  found:  they  need  attention  but  are  not  acutely  ill. 

2.  Teachers  shall  send  home  at  once  all  children  who 
are  members  of  or  living  with  a family  in  which  a 
person  is  known  to  be  ill  with  anterior  poliomyelitis 
(infantile  paralysis),  diphtheria,  measles,  mumps,  scar- 
let fever,  small  pox  or  whooping  cough,  and  report  the 
same  to  the  physician  or  nurse  at  the  next  visit. 

Teachers  shall,  after  consultation  with  the  principal, 
exclude  from  school  all  children  who  they  believe  show 
signs  of  a communicable  disease,  if  such  are  discovered 
after  the  physician  or  nurse  has  left  the  building. 

The  principal  shall  report  all  such  cases  to  the  office 
of  the  Board  of  Health  for  investigation  and  a child 


so  sent  home  shall  not  be  readmitted  except  upon  presen- 
tation of  a permit  from  the  Board  of  Health. 

The  most  frequent  diseases  which  the  teachers  may 
see  are  diphtheria,  measles,  mumps,  scarlet  fever,  vari- 
cella, (chicken  pox)  and  whooping  cough  and  the  follow- 
ing may  be  of  value  in  helping  them  decide: 

Diphtheria:  The  child  has  a hoarseness  or  thickness 
of  voice;  complains  of  sore  throat,  the  face  is 
flushed;  there  may  be  an  irritating  nasal  discharge. 
On  looking  into  the  mouth,  the  tonsils  may  be  en- 
larged, the  palate  swollen  and  a whitish  membrane 
may  be  seen  on  either  or  both. 

Measles:  Begins  like  a common  cold;  the  child  has 
red  watery  eyes,  flushed  face  and  sometimes  a hard, 
dry  cough — there  is  intolerance  of  light;  the  rash 
appears  on  the  face,  especially  the  forehead  and 
looks  like  flea  bites. 

Mumps:  Child  may  or  may  not  appear  sick;  the 

swelling  appears  on  the  side  of  the  face  in  front  of 
the  ear — may  be  only  on  one  side. 

Scarlet  fever:  The  child  may  suddenly  vomit,  com- 

plains of  sore  throat,  has  headache;  face  is  flushed 
especially  the  cheeks,  and  there  is  often  a pale  area 
round  the  mouth  contrasting  with  the  red  cheeks; 
it  looks  like  a white  muzzle — “ pale  round  the 
‘ gills’.” 

The  rash  does  not  appear  on  the  face,  but  the  lower 
neck  and  upper  chest  may  show  the  typical  scarlet 
rash. 


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Varicella  (Chicken  pox) : Child  may  or  may  not  com- 
plain of  illness;  eruption  like  small  water  blisters 
scattered  over  the  body  and  face,  especially  the  fore- 
head. 

Whooping  cough:  Hard  to  detect;  children  with  a 

persistent  paroxysmal  expulsive  cough — often  con- 
tinued until  the  child  vomits,  and  followed  by  a 
sudden  crowing  intake  of  the  breath  (the  “ whoop  ”) 
should  be  sent  home  on  suspicion. 

3.  Children  who  are  members  of  or  living  with  a 
family  in  which  a person  has  been  reported  sick  with 
anterior  poliomyelitis  (infantile  paralysis),  diphtheria, 
measles,  mumps,  scarlet  fever,  small  pox  or  v/hooping 
cough  and  children  who  have  been  reported  sick  with 
any  of  the  above  diseases,  shall  not  be  readmitted  to 
school  except  upon  presentation  of  a permit  from  the 
Board  of  Health  and  teachers  shall  at  once  send  home 
any  such  child  presenting  himself  for  readmission,  who 
has  not  the  necessary  permit  from  the  Board  of  Health. 

4.  Teachers  shall  not  permit  any  child  who  returns  to 
school  after  an  unexplained  absence  of  24  hours  or 
more,  to  remain  in  the  class  room  until  he  has  been 
examined  and  passed  by  the  school  physician. 

Such  children  shall,  as  far  as  practicable,  be  prevented 
from  mingling  with  the  other  children  until  passed 
upon  by  the  physician.  (See  C.  I.  14.) 

Children  who  present  themselves  for  readmission  fol- 
lowing absence  as  above,  after  the  physician  has  made 
his  visit  shall  be  sent  home  to  return  the  next  day  for 


examination  by  the  physician  under  Chap.  1-14,  unless 
the  physician  can  be  reached  by  telephone  and  makes 
disposition  of  the  case. 

5.  Teachers  shall  report  daily  to  the  principal  for 
reference  to  the  Board  of  Health,  the  names  and  ad- 
dresses of  all  children  whose  absence  they  suspect  may 
be  due  to  communicable  disease. 

CHAPTER  V 

General  Considerations 

1.  Physicians  and  nurses  shall  so  conduct  their  daily 
inspections  as  to  interfere  as  little  as  possible  with  the 
school  work. 

2.  Physicians  shall  not  treat  or  offer  to  treat  any 
child,  except  in  cases  of  emergency,  unless  the  child  is  a 
member  of  a family  in  his  own  private  practice. 

3.  Nurses  shall  not  recommend  to  parents  the  calling 
of  any  particular  physician  to  treat  a child  sent  home 
from  school,  nor  shall  they  prescribe  any  medicine  or 
drug  for  any  such  child.  There  can  be  no  exception 
to  this  rule, 

4.  Under  no  circumstances  or  provocation  shall  physi- 
cians or  nurses  enter  into  any  controversy  with  the 
principals  or  teachers  in  regard  to  any  case,  but  shall 
report  the  matter  to  the  Board  of  Health,  except,  that 
the  decisions  of  physicians  or  nurses  as  to  the  disposal 
of  any  children  ill  with,  or  under  suspicion  of,  a com- 
municable disease,  is  final  and,  in  case  of  failure  or 


68 


refusal  to  obey  their  orders,  the  facts  must  be  reported  { 
to  the  Board  of  Health  immediately. 

5.  In  cases  in  which  the  family  physician  questions 
the  diagnosis  made  by  a school  physician,  the  facts 
must  be  reported  to  the  Board  of  Health  for  investiga- 
tion. Under  no  circumstances  shall  school  physicians 
or  nurses  enter  into  a controversy  with  the  family  physi- 
cian or  the  parent  or  guardian  of  a child. 

6.  In  cases  in  which  the  physician  or  nurse  believes 
that  a child  should  be  sent  home  for  some  other  reason 
than  illness  from  or  suspicion  of  a communicable  dis- 
ease, the  facts  must  be  reported  to  the  principal  for 
action.  Physicians  and  nurses  have  no  authority  to 
exclude  a child  for  any  cause  other  than  one  connected 
with  communicable  disease. 


I 

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